Proteome characterization of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) somatic embryos, plantlets and tuberous roots

Abstract

BackgroundProteomics is increasingly becoming an important tool for the study of many different aspects of plant functions, such as investigating the molecular processes underlying in plant physiology, development, differentiation and their interaction with the environments. To investigate the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) proteome, we extracted proteins from somatic embryos, plantlets and tuberous roots of cultivar SC8 and separated them by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).ResultsAnalysis by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) yielded a total of 383 proteins including isoforms, classified into 14 functional groups. The majority of these were carbohydrate and energy metabolism associated proteins (27.2%), followed by those involved in protein biosynthesis (14.4%). Subsequent analysis has revealed that 54, 59, 74 and 102 identified proteins are unique to the somatic embryos, shoots, adventitious roots and tuberous roots, respectively. Some of these proteins may serve as signatures for the physiological and developmental stages of somatic embryos, shoots, adventitious roots and tuberous root. Western blotting results have shown high expression levels of Rubisco in shoots and its absence in the somatic embryos. In addition, high-level expression of α-tubulin was found in tuberous roots, and a low-level one in somatic embryos. This extensive study effectively provides a huge data set of dynamic protein-related information to better understand the molecular basis underlying cassava growth, development, and physiological functions.ConclusionThis work paves the way towards a comprehensive, system-wide analysis of the cassava. Integration with transcriptomics, metabolomics and other large scale "-omics" data with systems biology approaches can open new avenues towards engineering cassava to enhance yields, improve nutritional value and overcome the problem of post-harvest physiological deterioration.

Leaf proteomic analysis in cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) during plant development, from planting of stem cutting to storage root formation

“…Yet, there has not been any report in the literature on molecular and biochemical investigation of leaf genes or proteins involved in the tuberization process of the cassava plant. Particularly, to date, there have been very few papers in the literature report on proteomic analysis in cassava (Cabral and Carvalho 2001;Sheffield et al 2006;Li et al 2010).…”

Metabolic evaluation of cellular differentiation of tobacco leaf explants in response to plant growth regulators in tissue cultures using 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

“…Cytokinins are a family of N 6 -substituted adenine derivatives whose stimulation of cell division and organogenesis in plants has been studied since the discovery of the kinetin (Miller et al 1956). Recently, Li et al (2010) revealed that 15 proteins involved in amino acid metabolism and photosynthetic activity are significantly expressed at earlier stages of shoot differentiation from organogenic callus. And numerous compounds related with sugar mobilization and nitrogen metabolism had important role in early stages of shoot differentiation .…”

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer effects on cassava tuber yield in the coastal district of Dondo, Mozambique

“…Cassava provides edible leaves and tubers (Boansi, 2017;Li et al, 2010) and is produced almost *Corresponding author. E-mail: ibcuvaca@ksu.edu.…”