Proteolytic Activation of the 1918 Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin

Chaipan, Chawaree; Kobasa, Darwyn; Bertram, Stephanie; Glowacka, Ilona; Steffen, Imke; Tsegaye, Theodros Solomon; Takeda, Makoto; Bugge, Thomas H.; Kim, Semi; Park, Young-Woo; Marzi, Andrea; Pöhlmann, Stefan

doi:10.1128/jvi.02205-08

Cited by 200 publications

(212 citation statements)

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“…Due to the viral tropism, avian influenza viruses reach high titers when grown in chicken-origin cells (14)(15)(16). The efficient replication and infectivity of low pathogenic influenza viruses is achieved in the presence of supplemental trypsin or the type II transmembrane serine proteases (TMPRSS) (14,17). In this study we provide cellular model to investigate the replication characteristics of H9N2 virus in either mammalian or avian-origin cells and compared their replication efficiencies in seven subsequent passages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication Efficiency of Influenza A Virus H9N2: A Comparative Analysis Between Different Origin Cell Types

Lebas

Shahsavandi

Mohammadi

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Efficient isolation and detection of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses from surveillance samples continues to be a high priority. Currently, the new cell lines are considered for supporting the replication to high virus strains titers. Objectives: The replication efficiency of a low pathogenic avian influenza virus in different origin cells was evaluated under different conditions. Materials and Methods: Chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cell and human alveolar epithelial cell line (A549) were infected with H9N2 at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1. The amount of infectious virus released into the cell culture supernatants at various post-infection time intervals were tittered by tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) assay. The impact of these cells adaptation was investigated by determination the virus genes nucleotide sequences. Results: The influenza virus infectivity was not significant difference in these cells in the presence of trypsin. The results of fusion assay and determination of cellular protease confirmed that A549 cells support virus entry with or without supplemental trypsin. However, the H9N2 virus showed lower titer and infectivity in the trypsin-free infected A549 cells within longer time. The comparative sequence analysis indicated several simultaneously nucleotide substitutions were occurred in NA of the virus replicated in A549 cells resulted in two fixed amino acid changes at positions G320 to A and G414 to A up to the fifth passage. Conclusions: After seven consecutive passages of both cell cultures, the H9N2 virus showed similar antigenicity, also no change on viral titer level and virus replication behavior in adaptation was found. The results highlighted the use of A549 cells for efficient virus isolation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication Efficiency of Influenza A Virus H9N2: A Comparative Analysis Between Different Origin Cell Types

Lebas

Shahsavandi

Mohammadi

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…The microorganims interact with the Plg-Plm system in different ways; by immobilizing Plg on their surfaces through Plg receptors (PlgR) an event that conducts to activation of Plg by host plasminogen activators (PAS) to generate enzymatically active Plm, or by expressing molecules that can activate Plg by themselves. PlgR have been detected in virus (Chaipan et al, 2009), fungus (Crowe et al, 2003), parasites (Avilán et al, 2011) and bacteria. Among bacteria are Borrelia burgdorferi (Fuchs et al, 1994), Escherichia coli (Kukkonen et al, 1998;Lähteenmäki et al, 1993;Parkkinen et al, 1991), Salmonella typhimurium (Korhonen et al, 1997;Kukkonen et al, 1998;Lähteenmäki et al, 1995), Neisseria meningitidis (Ullberg et al, 1992) and Haemophilus influenzae (Sjostrom et al, 1997) and group A, B and C of streptococci (Lähteenmäki et al, 2001b;Coleman & Benach, 1999).…”

Section: Pathogen Interaction With the Fibrinolityc Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis

Espitia¹,

Rodriguez²,

Ramón‐Luing³

et al. 2012

Understanding Tuberculosis - Analyzing the Origin of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Pathogenicity

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“…Therefore, it may be necessary to supplement PV generation protocols with specific proteases. In many studies it has become common practice to co-transfect a protease-encoding plasmid alongside the other plasmids required for PV production [65,77,79,84]. For influenza, the most commonly used proteases when supplied as a plasmid are HAT and TMPRSS2 [77].…”

Section: Provision Of Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%