Proteinuria in Intact and Splenectomized Dogs after Running and Swimming

Joles, J.A.; Sanders, M. Lee; Velthuizen, Judith; Hertog, J. M. Den; Dijk, C. van

doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025923

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The study population consisted of 26 dogs with 11 males (1 intact) and 15 females (3 intact). Represented breeds included Border Collie (5), Australian Shepherd (2), Golden Retriever (2), Anatolian Shepherd, Labrador Retriever, German Shepherd, Great Dane, Jack Russell Terrier, Welsh Corgi, and mixed-breed dogs (11). Twenty-four dogs underwent 2 separate exercise sessions, but 1 male and 1 female completed only a single session.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9][10] Studies of exercising dogs also have identified slight increases in urine albumin or protein excretion postexercise. [11][12][13] It is not known, however, if exercise induces changes in urine albumin concentrations that are consistent with microalbuminuria in dogs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of moderate exercise on microalbuminuria in healthy dogs as assayed by the E.R.D.-Screen test.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Exercise on Urinary Albumin Excretion in Dogs

Gary¹,

Cohn²,

Kerl³

et al. 2004

J Vet Int Med

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Persistent microalbuminuria has been shown to be an indicator of glomerular damage associated with early progressive renal disease in people and dogs. In people, transient or reversible microalbuminuria has been shown to occur with exercise. A semi-quantitative test to measure microalbuminuria in the dog recently has become available. The purpose of this study was to determine if mild-to-moderate exercise induced microalbuminuria in the dog. Twenty-six dogs were included in the study after undergoing tests to rule out hyperglycemia, urinary tract infection, azotemia, and a urine protein:creatinine ratio >1. Exercise consisted of 20 minutes of flat treadmill running. Urine samples were collected on 2 separate days before exercise, the morning of exercise, 3 hours postexercise, 7-9 hours postexercise, and each of the 2 mornings after exercise. For 24 of 26 dogs, this procedure was repeated after a minimum 7-day interval between exercise sessions. The canine E.R.D. (early renal disease)-Screen Urine Test (E.R.D.-Screen test) was used to determine semiquantitative urine albumin concentrations. Microalbuminuria-positive samples, as determined by the E.R.D.-Screen test, were further analyzed to determine quantitative albumin concentrations. Four (15%) dogs were microalbuminuria positive. In each of these dogs, microalbuminuria was present both before and after exercise with no quantitative increase in urine albumin concentration postexercise. Twenty-two (85%) dogs were microalbuminuria negative throughout the study and did not develop microalbuminuria at any time after exercise. On a 95% confidence interval, the proportion of dogs that might be expected to develop microalbuminuria after exercise is between 0 and 15%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Exercise on Urinary Albumin Excretion in Dogs

Gary¹,

Cohn²,

Kerl³

et al. 2004

J Vet Int Med

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“…9,10 Magnitude of proteinuria as determined by UPC may be affected by a number of factors such as nonrenal disease, endogenous or exogenous corticosteroids, dietary protein content, exercise, hypertension, and hyperthermia, among others. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Stress has been suggested as a cause or contributing factor for proteinuria in dogs in several reports. 15,21,22 One prior study found that cageconfined animals had significantly higher UPC ratios compared to unconfined animals, and stress was suggested as a likely cause of the difference.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison between Urine Protein: Creatinine Ratios of Samples Obtained from Dogs in Home and Hospital Settings

Duffy

Specht

Hill

2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundThe urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) is used to quantify urine protein excretion and guide recommendations for monitoring and treatment of proteinuria.Hypothesis/ObjectivesHome urine samples will have lower UPCs than hospital samples. The objectives were to compare UPCs of samples collected in each setting and to determine whether environment of sample collection might affect staging, monitoring or treatment recommendations.AnimalsTwenty‐four client‐owned dogs.MethodsProspective, nonmasked study. Clients collected a urine sample from their dog at home and a second sample was collected at the hospital. Dogs receiving corticosteroids or angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors were excluded, as were those with urine samples of inadequate volume, no protein on dipstick analysis, or active urine sediment. Samples were refrigerated after collection, dipstick and sediment evaluations were completed and each sample was frozen at −80°C within 12 hours. UPCs were performed on frozen samples within 2 months.ResultsFrom 81 paired samples, 57 were excluded. Of the remaining 24, 12/24 (50%) had higher hospital sample UPCs, 9/24 (38%) had identical UPCs, and 3/24 (12%) had lower hospital UPCs. The UPCs of hospital samples were higher than home samples for the total population (P = .005) and the subset with UPC > 0.5 (P = .001).ConclusionsSetting and related circumstances of urine collection in dogs is associated with UPC differences; results are usually higher in hospital than in home samples. This difference has the potential to affect clinical interpretation.

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“…It is described as a "temporary increase in protein excretion by urine in healthy individuals after exercise" (27) and was shown to occur in various exercising laboratory animals as well as in humans (5,14,27). The basic mechanisms of postexcercise proteinuria are increased glomerular permeability and/or exceeding the maximum tubular reabsorption capacity for proteins (6,29).…”

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Effect of nitric oxide on exercise-induced proteinuria in rats

Gündüz

Kuru

Şentürk

2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Gü ndü z, Filiz, Oktay Kuru, and Ü mit Kemal S entü rk. Effect of nitric oxide on exercise-induced proteinuria in rats. J Appl Physiol 95: 1867-1872, 2003. First published July 18, 2003 10.1152/japplphysiol.00599.2003.-Temporary proteinuria occurring after exercise is a common finding, and it is explained predominantly by alterations in renal hemodynamics. In this study, we investigated whether nitric oxide (NO), which is known to have an effect on renal hemodynamics and to increase during exercise, has a role in postexercise proteinuria. In the first step of this study, the effect of acute NO synthase blockage on exercise proteinuria was evaluated. The urinary protein levels in animals that performed acute exhaustive treadmill running exercise were considerably elevated compared with the control animals. Significantly elevated urinary protein levels were also detected in animals that received N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester before exhaustion, compared with both control and exhausted groups, and mixed-type proteinuria was detected in electrophoresis, as in all exhausted animals. In the second step of the study, a NO donor (isosorbide mononitrate) was given to rats 1 h before exhaustive exercise. Mixed-type proteinuria and the elevation in urinary protein levels that occur as a consequence of exhaustive exercise were prevented by NO donor treatment. Finally, in the third step of our study, a calcium channel blocker (diltiazem), another vasodilator, was applied to the rats 1 h before exhaustive exercise. Urinary protein levels were not different in exhausted rats with or without calcium channel blocker treatment. On the other hand, in both groups, urinary protein levels were higher than in the control group. The tail-cuff blood pressure alterations caused by vasodilator drug applications before exercise were not different for NO donor and calcium channel blocker groups. These results suggest that endogenous NO might prevent the postexercise proteinuria from becoming more severe by affecting hemodynamic changes that occur during exercise. nitric oxide synthase; nitric oxide synthase blockage; isosorbide mononitrate; diltiazem NITRIC OXIDE (NO) has an important role in regulation of kidney functions, as well as in the regulation of many other tissues and organs. NO is effective in regulation of glomerular and medullary hemodynamics through vascular resistance, tubuloglomerular feedback response, renin release, and regulation of extracellular fluid volume (16,17). It was demonstrated that acute systemic NO synthase (NOS) blockage causes a prominent increase in resistance of efferent and afferent arterioles and decreases renal blood flow besides increasing the systemic blood pressure (BP) (1). However, glomerular filtration rate either is not affected or is decreased less compared with the renal blood flow, because of the increased filtration fraction after NOS blockade (15,16). In addition, it was shown that NOS blockage affects proximal tubular functions, and decreases total (absolute) and fractional tubular reabs...

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Proteinuria in Intact and Splenectomized Dogs after Running and Swimming

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

The Effects of Exercise on Urinary Albumin Excretion in Dogs

The Effects of Exercise on Urinary Albumin Excretion in Dogs

Comparison between Urine Protein: Creatinine Ratios of Samples Obtained from Dogs in Home and Hospital Settings

Effect of nitric oxide on exercise-induced proteinuria in rats

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