Proteins of Palyam serogroup viruses

Whistler, Toni; Swanepoel, Robert

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-71-6-1333

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It has been shown that AHSV capsid protein VP2 elicits serotype-specific antibodies (Bremer et al, 1990) and is a major target for the neutralizing response of the host (Ranz et al, 1992;Burrage et al, 1993;Martínez-Torrecuadrada et al, 1994;Martínez-Torrecuadrada and Casal, 1995). The presence of neutralizing epitopes ex-clusively on VP2 has also been well established in other members of orbivirus genus, such as BTV (Huismans and Erasmus, 1981;Grubman et al, 1983;Marshall and Roy, 1990) and Palyam serogroup viruses (Whistler and Swanepoel, 1990), except for Kemerovo serogroup viruses like Broadhaven virus (BRDV), in which the epitopes responsible for neutralization were located on the corresponding VP5 protein (Moss et al, 1987). However, it has not been described previously that both proteins of the outer capsid of an orbivirus contain epitopes responsible for virus neutralization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenic Profile of African Horse Sickness Virus Serotype 4 VP5 and Identification of a Neutralizing Epitope Shared with Bluetongue Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus

Martı́nez-Torrecuadrada¹,

Langeveld²,

Venteo³

et al. 1999

Virology

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African horse sickness virus (AHSV) causes a fatal disease in horses. The virus capsid is composed of a double protein layer, the outermost of which is formed by two proteins: VP2 and VP5. VP2 is known to determine the serotype of the virus and to contain the neutralizing epitopes. The biological function of VP5, the other component of the capsid, is unknown. In this report, AHSV VP5, expressed in insect cells alone or together with VP2, was able to induce AHSV-specific neutralizing antibodies. Moreover, two VP5-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that were able to neutralize the virus in a plaque reduction assay were generated. To dissect the antigenic structure of AHSV VP5, the protein was cloned in Escherichia coli using the pET3 system. The immunoreactivity of both MAbs, and horse and rabbit polyclonal antisera, with 17 overlapping fragments from VP5 was analyzed. The most immunodominant region was found in the N-terminal 330 residues of VP5, defining two antigenic regions, I (residues 151-200) and II (residues 83-120). The epitopes were further defined by PEPSCAN analysis with 12mer peptides, which determined eight antigenic sites in the N-terminal half of the molecule. Neutralizing epitopes were defined at positions 85-92 (PDPLSPGE) for MAb 10AE12 and at 179-185 (EEDLRTR) for MAb 10AC6. Epitope 10AE12 is highly conserved between the different orbiviruses. MAb 10AE12 was able to recognize bluetongue virus VP5 and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus VP5 by several techniques. These data will be especially useful for vaccine development and diagnostic purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenic Profile of African Horse Sickness Virus Serotype 4 VP5 and Identification of a Neutralizing Epitope Shared with Bluetongue Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus

Martı́nez-Torrecuadrada¹,

Langeveld²,

Venteo³

et al. 1999

Virology

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“…AHSV and EHDV have seven structural proteins each (Bremer, 1976;Huismans et al, 1979;Mecham & Dean, 1988), whereas nine were identified for a member of the Palyam serogroup (Whistler & Swanepoel, 1990). The nonstructural proteins (NS1, NS2 and NS3) of EHDV were identified by in vitro translation (Mecham & Dean, 1988), and a comparison of virus-infected cell lysates with purified viral proteins revealed at least three nonstructural Palyam virus proteins, designated NS1, NS2a and NS2b (Whistler & Swanepoel, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the genes which encode non-structural protein NS3 of different orbiviruses

Staden

Huismans

1991

Journal of General Virology

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The segment 10 (S10) genes of African horsesickness virus (AHSV), Palyam virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus were translated in vitro in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. Each of the S10 genes encoded two proteins, NS3 and NS3A, which were shown to be related by peptide mapping. Cloned copies of the S10 genes of two AHSV serotypes (AHSV-3 and AHSV-9) and Palyam virus were sequenced and compared to each other and to the nucleotide sequence of bluetongue virus (BTV) gene S10. Two in-phase ATG translation initiation codons reported for the S 10 genes of BTV-10 and BTV-1 were conserved in the S10 genes of AHSV-3, AHSV-9 and Palyam virus, and would be able to initiate synthesis of NS3 and NS3A respectively. Comparison of the amino acid sequences ofNS3 of AHSV-3 and AHSV-9 identified two areas of approximately 45 amino acids which displayed high (98 %) similarity. One of these areas corresponded to the only region which displayed more than 50% amino acid similarity between NS3 of BTV, AHSV and Palyam virus. This region could represent an important structural or catalytic site of the protein. The overall amino acid similarity outside this conserved region was between 13 % and 29 %.

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“…The serotypes are defined by the serum neutralisation test, but cross-reactions occur, separating the viruses into six antigenic complexes [1,7]. Although some Palyam serogroup viruses had been isolated previously from aborted foetuses [7,8], it was only after an outbreak of congenital abnormalities in cattle in Japan in 1985–1986 that their pathogenic importance was investigated [6,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Characterization of the Palyam Serogroup Orbiviruses

Ebersohn

Coetzee

Snyman

et al. 2019

Viruses

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The Palyam serogroup orbiviruses are associated with abortion and teratogenesis in cattle and other ruminants. Of the 13 different serotypes that have been identified, the full genome sequence of only one, Kasba, has been published. We undertook to perform Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and phylogenetic analysis on 12 Palyam serotypes plus field isolates of the African serotypes in our possession. The Palyam serogroup was found to be most closely related to the African horse sickness virus group and showed the most distant evolutionary relationship to the equine encephalosis viruses (EEV). Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the gene encoding VP7 was the most conserved within serotypes and VP2 and VP5 showed the highest degree of variation. A high degree of sequence identity was found for isolates from the same geographical region. The phylogenetic analysis revealed two clades where the African serotypes were all very closely related in one clade and the other clade contained the Australian and Asian serotypes and one African serotype, Petevo. It was evident from the sequence data that the geographical origin of Palyam serogroup viruses played an important role in the development of the different serotypes.

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Proteins of Palyam serogroup viruses

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Antigenic Profile of African Horse Sickness Virus Serotype 4 VP5 and Identification of a Neutralizing Epitope Shared with Bluetongue Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus

Antigenic Profile of African Horse Sickness Virus Serotype 4 VP5 and Identification of a Neutralizing Epitope Shared with Bluetongue Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus

A comparison of the genes which encode non-structural protein NS3 of different orbiviruses

Phylogenetic Characterization of the Palyam Serogroup Orbiviruses

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