Proteins of Mammalian Epidermis*

Differences in the Urea-extracted Proteins of Mouse Epidermis and Squamous cell Carcinomata Determined by Fluorescence Microscopy

“…These ureaextracted proteins are extracted with 6 mol/l urea and precipitated maximally at pH (Carruthers et al, 1955(Carruthers et al, , 1957Rudall, 1.952), and are sometimes denoted as the urea-extractable 5-5 proteins; herein for simplicity they are called the urea proteins. Previous studies indicated that epidermis contained urea-extractable antigens which were absent, or present in small amounts, in carcinoma and that carcinoma contained urea-extractable antigens which were absent or present in small amounts in epidermis.…”

Keratin and the Barrier

“…Rudall in a classic monograph 4 de5cribed the isolation from cows' snout epidermis of two proteins, a fibrous form which precipitated from urea extracts at pH 5.5, and a nonfibrous form at pH 4.5. Carruthers et al 5 found similar fractions in mouse epidermis, plus an aggregate at pH 6.3, which when redissolved yielded 5.5 and 4.5 fractions, and a new fraction at pH 5.0. Matoltsy 6 carefully defined conditions of alkalinity necessary for solubilization of human epidermal protein fractions, and Rothberg 7 using alkaline extraction obtained fractions at pH 5.5, 5.0, and 4.5 from human material.…”

Biochemistry of the Skin: 50 Years in The Journal of Investigative Dermatology

“…Carruthers and co-workers [53] detailed protein preparation from the cow snout and from mouse skin. Proteins were fractionated into fibrous and non-fibrous fractions and extensive electrophoretic mobility studies were performed.…”