Protein uptake into <i>E. coll</i> during <i>Bdellovibrio</i> infection

Saier, Milton H.

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(94)80620-9

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Besides secretion, extracellular proteins are lost during fiber shedding, outer membrane blebbing, and cell wall damage. This egress of extracellular proteins is likely irreparable (1, 2); consequently, they are less likely to be recycled by the cell’s chaperone and protease systems. Such loss increases the relative cost of extracellular proteins to the cell.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Economical Evolution: Microbes Reduce the Synthetic Cost of Extracellular Proteins

Smith

Chapman

2010

mBio

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Protein evolution is not simply a race toward improved function. Because organisms compete for limited resources, fitness is also affected by the relative economy of an organism’s proteome. Indeed, many abundant proteins contain relatively high percentages of amino acids that are metabolically less taxing for the cell to make, thus reducing cellular cost. However, not all abundant proteins are economical, and many economical proteins are not particularly abundant. Here we examined protein composition and found that the relative synthetic cost of amino acids constrains the composition of microbial extracellular proteins. In Escherichia coli, extracellular proteins contain, on average, fewer energetically expensive amino acids independent of their abundance, length, function, or structure. Economic pressures have strategically shaped the amino acid composition of multicomponent surface appendages, such as flagella, curli, and type I pili, and extracellular enzymes, including type III effector proteins and secreted serine proteases. Furthermore, in silico analysis of Pseudomonas syringae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and over 25 other microbes spanning a wide range of GC content revealed a broad bias toward more economical amino acids in extracellular proteins. The synthesis of any protein, especially those rich in expensive aromatic amino acids, represents a significant investment. Because extracellular proteins are lost to the environment and not recycled like other cellular proteins, they present a greater burden on the cell, as their amino acids cannot be reutilized during translation. We hypothesize that evolution has optimized extracellular proteins to reduce their synthetic burden on the cell.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While free-living bacteria secrete extracellular proteins through several dedicated pathways, there are no known systems by which extracellular proteins are imported (1, 2). Consequently, extracellular proteins are less likely to be recycled by the cell or passed down during cell division.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economical Evolution: Microbes Reduce the Synthetic Cost of Extracellular Proteins

Smith

Chapman

2010

mBio

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“…Ref. (91) ) may enable ATP transfer from the Figure 2. A predation-based scenario for the origin of eukaryotes.…”

Section: From Endosymbiont To Organellementioning

confidence: 98%

Predation between prokaryotes and the origin of eukaryotes

Davidov

Jurkevitch

2009

BioEssays

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Accumulating data suggest that the eukaryotic cell originated from a merger of two prokaryotes, an archaeal host and a bacterial endosymbiont. However, since prokaryotes are unable to perform phagocytosis, the means by which the endosymbiont entered its host is an enigma. We suggest that a predatory or parasitic interaction between prokaryotes provides a reasonable explanation for this conundrum. According to the model presented here, the host in this interaction was an anaerobic archaeon with a periplasm-like space. The predator was a small (facultative) aerobic alpha-proteobacterium, which penetrated and replicated within the host periplasm, and later became the mitochondria. Plausible conditions under which this interaction took place and circumstances that may have led to the contemporary complex eukaryotic cell are discussed.

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“…In Gram-positive Bacteria it will be of interest to determine to what extent the cell wall represents a bottleneck for the secretion of proteins [145]. Studies are needed on the physiological role of protein export in differentiation processes, such as the development of natural competence and sporulation in Bacillus species, or the possible reversal of protein translocation in E. coli upon invasion by the parasite Bdellovibrio crescentus [130]. We will learn more about the general features of protein export systems by studying the dedicated protein export routes in Bacteria involved in the secretion of specific proteins across the outer membrane, with or without the accumulation of periplasmic intermediates [121,153].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How proteins cross the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane

Driessen

1994

J. Membarin Biol.

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Protein uptake into E. coll during Bdellovibrio infection

Cited by 20 publications

References 39 publications

Economical Evolution: Microbes Reduce the Synthetic Cost of Extracellular Proteins

Economical Evolution: Microbes Reduce the Synthetic Cost of Extracellular Proteins

Predation between prokaryotes and the origin of eukaryotes

How proteins cross the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane

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