Protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Rapoport, Tom A.

doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06588.x

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…These transcripts included those encoding coatomer beta and epsilon subunits, ADP-ribosylation factor 5 (ARF5), several members of the p24 protein family (TMED7, TMP21) and the SNARE protein Sec22. Interestingly, both treatments increased the mRNA levels of one major subunit of the ER translocation channel (Sec61), through which polypeptides traverse the ER membrane [41]. Our results are in agreement with previously reported changes in murine SNARE protein levels in response to LPS, accommodating the rapid onset of cytokine secretion and membrane traffic associated with the phenotypic changes of immune activation [42].…”

Section: Common Responses To the Two Treatmentssupporting

confidence: 92%

Immune- and stress-related transcriptomic responses of Solea senegalensis stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and copper sulphate using heterologous cDNA microarrays

Osuna-Jiménez¹,

Williams

Prieto‐Álamo³

et al. 2009

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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The sole, Solea senegalensis, is a common flatfish of Atlantic and Mediterranean waters with a high potential for aquaculture. However, its cultivation is hampered by high sensitivity to different stresses and several infectious diseases. Improving protection from pathogens and stressors is thus a key step in reaching a standardized production. Fish were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a mimetic of bacterial infections, and copper sulphate (CuSO(4)), used in aquaculture to control algae and outbreaks of infectious diseases. We employed a European flounder cDNA microarray to determine the transcriptomic responses of Senegalese sole to these exposures. Microarray analyses showed that many genes were altered in expression following both LPS and copper treatments in comparison to vehicle controls. Gene ontology analysis highlighted copper-specific induction of genes related to cellular adhesion and cell signalling, LPS-specific induction of genes related to the immune response, and a common induction of genes related to unfolded protein binding, intracellular transport/secretion and proteasome. Additionally transcripts for glutathione-S-transferases were down-regulated by LPS, and those for digestive enzymes were down-regulated by both treatments. We selected nine changing genes for absolute quantification of transcript copy numbers by real-time RT-PCR to validate microarray differential expression and to assess inter-individual variability in individual fishes. The quantitative RT-PCR data correlated highly with the microarray results. Overall, data reported provide novel insights into the molecular pathways that could mediate the immune and heavy metal stress responses in Senegalese sole and thus might have biotechnological applications in the culture of this important fish species.

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Section: Common Responses To the Two Treatmentssupporting

confidence: 92%

Immune- and stress-related transcriptomic responses of Solea senegalensis stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and copper sulphate using heterologous cDNA microarrays

Osuna-Jiménez¹,

Williams

Prieto‐Álamo³

et al. 2009

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…Under specific circumstances, all of these polymers have to be transported across biological membranes. The translocation reactions are either completely uncoupled from 32,33 or intimately linked to polymer synthesis To confirm the formation of HA, a control reaction was incubated for 60 min, solubilized with 2% Triton X-100 and degraded with 75 u hyaluronidase as described in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hyaluronan Synthase Catalyzes the Synthesis and Membrane Translocation of Hyaluronan

Hubbard

McNamara

Azumaya

et al. 2012

Journal of Molecular Biology

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“…Binding of SRP halts translation and the ribosome/nascent chain/SRP complex is targeted to the ER in a GTP-dependent manner where it interacts with the SRP receptor (Rapoport, 2008). Once at the ER membrane the ribosome is thought to engage with a protein conducting channel, the ER translocon (Johnson and van Waes, 1999), with translation resuming once SRP dissociates from the complex following GTP hydrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stitching proteins into membranes, not sew simple

Whitley¹,

Mingarro²

2014

Biological Chemistry

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Most integral membrane proteins located within the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells are first assembled co-translationally into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) before being sorted and trafficked to other organelles. The assembly of membrane proteins is mediated by the ER translocon, which allows passage of lumenal domains through and lateral integration of transmembrane (TM) domains into the ER membrane. It may be convenient to imagine multi-TM domain containing membrane proteins being assembled by inserting their first TM domain in the correct orientation, with subsequent TM domains inserting with alternating orientations. However a simple threading model of assembly, with sequential insertion of one TM domain into the membrane after another, does not universally stand up to scrutiny. In this article we review some of the literature illustrating the complexities of membrane protein assembly. We also present our own thoughts on aspects that we feel are poorly understood. In short we hope to convince the readers that threading of membrane proteins into membranes is 'not sew simple' and a topic that requires further investigation.

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Protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Immune- and stress-related transcriptomic responses of Solea senegalensis stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and copper sulphate using heterologous cDNA microarrays

Immune- and stress-related transcriptomic responses of Solea senegalensis stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and copper sulphate using heterologous cDNA microarrays

The Hyaluronan Synthase Catalyzes the Synthesis and Membrane Translocation of Hyaluronan

Stitching proteins into membranes, not sew simple

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