Protein trafficking, targeting, and interaction at the glutamate synapse

Differential expression of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 may identify distinct modes of glutamatergic transmission in the macaque visual system

“…However, the identification of glutamate within a neuron is not enough to classify it as glutamatergic, since glutamate is a ubiquitous amino acid in most cells of the nervous system. The classification of glutamate as a signaling molecule within a neuron requires the identification of a glutamate transporter, a protein responsible for containing glutamate within secretory vesicles that are released upon signal transmission (Danbolt et al, 1994; Davanger et al, 2009; Reimer et al, 2001). A family of such transport proteins, the vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs), have been identified in the mammalian central nervous system (Aihara et al, 2000; Bellocchio et al, 2000; Bryant et al, 2012; Gras et al, 2002; Hackett et al, 2011; Hackett and de la Mothe, 2009; Herzog et al, 2001; Fyk-Kolodziej et al, 2004; Kaneko and Fujiyama 2001) and are known to contribute to glutamatergic signaling within neuronal circuits (Fremeau, 2004; Fremeau et al 2001; Santos, 2009; Varoqui et al, 2002).…”

Comparison of Brain Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Auto-Grooming Behavior between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Infested by Varroa destructor

“…Glutamate plays a key role in the central nervous system as a major excitatory neurotransmitter that regulates the majority of excitatory transmission between neurons. This regulation affects various functions of the brain, such as cognition, behavior, memory, and learning [ 37 ]. Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is an asymmetric chemical synapse formed between Drosophila motor neurons and muscle cells that are similar to glutamatergic synapses in many functions.…”