Protein synthesis and secretion in human mesenchymal cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue and Wharton’s jelly

Abstract

IntroductionDifferent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been successfully isolated and expanded in vitro and nowadays they are tested in clinical trials for a wide variety of diseases. Whether all MSC express the same cell surface markers or have a similar secretion profile is still controversial, making it difficult to decide which stromal cell may be better for a particular application.MethodsWe isolated human mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT) and Wharton’s jelly (WJ) and cultured them in fetal bovine serum supplemented media. We evaluated proliferation, in vitro differentiation (osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic potential), expression of cell surface markers and protein secretion using Luminex and ELISA assays.ResultsCell proliferation was higher for WJ-MSC, followed by AT-MSC. Differences in surface expression markers were observed only for CD54 and CD146. WJ-MSC secreted higher concentrations of chemokines, pro-inflammatory proteins and growth factors. AT-MSC showed a better pro-angiogenic profile and secreted higher amounts of extracellular matrix components and metalloproteinases.ConclusionsMesenchymal stromal cells purified from different tissues have different angiogenic, inflammatory and matrix remodeling potential properties. These abilities should be further characterized in order to choose the best protocols for their therapeutic use.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants: Phase I Dose-Escalation Clinical Trial

“…Allogeneic transplantation of MSCs may have a logistic advantage because they are ready to use “off the shelf” in the clinical setting. Moreover, UCB‐derived MSCs exhibit several advantages over adult tissue‐derived MSCs including lower immunogenicity 16, 36 and higher proliferation capacity, paracrine potency, and therapeutic efficacy both in vitro 17, 18 and in vivo 37. These MSCs show karyotypic stability and no senescence up to the 11th passage.…”

Cell therapy for bone fracture repair: A comparative preclinical review of mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and from adipose tissue

“…In addition, one study reports that the expansion potential of BM-MSC was retained at later passages than that of Ad-MSC (passage 10 vs passage 7) [36] . Finally, 2 studies [34,40] did not show differences in yield, proliferation or senescence between BM-MSC and Ad-MSC.…”

“…The analysis of this literature underlines considerable variations between results obtained from different research teams that may be linked to the heterogeneity in (i) donors and donors' characteristics (e.g., health status, gender, age), (ii) in vitro/ex vivo protocols (e.g., sample isolation sites and methods, [33][34][35][36][37][38] , which represents the most robust comparison as they are not biased by inter-individual variabilities, in particular age, gender and health status. Nine studies comparing age-matched donors were also retained, which include 1 study on female donors only [39] , 1 study on 50% male and 50% female donors [40] , 2 studies on a close but not identical number of females and males [41,42] , and 5 studies on donors matched for age but without specifying the gender [43][44][45][46][47] . Finally, 4 studies compared the two types of MSC isolated from healthy donors, but with unknown age and gender [48][49][50][51] .…”

“…Finally, only one study suggests that after 3 weeks of osteogenic induction, Ad-MSC showed higher calcium deposition compared to BM-MSC based on Alizarin red staining, but this was not quantitatively assessed [40] .…”

“…From these 14 articles, 6 have investigated the trilineages differentiation potential [34,36,40,46,47,81] , 5 the osteogenic and the adipogenic potential [33,38,39,43,44] , 1 the osteogenic and chondrogenic potential [45] and 2 the osteogenic potential only [37,42] . MSC can be induced to differentiate along the three lineages using culture medium supplemented with different factors.…”