Protein Supplementation Increases Muscle Mass Gain During Prolonged Resistance-Type Exercise Training in Frail Elderly People: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Tieland, Michael; Dirks, Marlou L.; Zwaluw, Nikita L. van der; Verdijk, Lex B.; Rest, Ondine van de; Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M. de; Loon, Luc J. C. van

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.05.020

Cited by 454 publications

(485 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

452

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent systematic review (10) identified five protein supplement studies (11)(12)(13)(14)(15) , which are summarised in Table 1; Cruz-Jentoft et al concluded that there was no consistent effect on muscle mass, strength or function. A closer examination of the studies reveal why this may be so.…”

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To further confuse the issue, in another Tieland et al study protein supplementation for 6 months without exercise did improve physical performance but did not show gains in muscle mass or strength (15) . The populations were also inconsistent, including older adults (mean age range 68-83 years) who were free living (12)(13)(14)(15) or in residential care (11) . Three studies specifically identified frail or pre-frail people (11,14,15) .…”

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The populations were also inconsistent, including older adults (mean age range 68-83 years) who were free living (12)(13)(14)(15) or in residential care (11) . Three studies specifically identified frail or pre-frail people (11,14,15) . This means that the results cannot be combined and they can only be applied to these specific groups.…”

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two other studies looked at the additive effect of protein on exercise (13,14) , and the final study examined protein supplementation excluding the effect of exercise (15) . Since there is widespread agreement that exercise can improve both muscle strength and physical performance, it would be useful to be able to examine how nutritional supplements enhance these effects or not.…”

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nutritional interventions in sarcopenia: a critical review

Hickson

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present paper is to critically review the details of the published nutrition intervention trials, with and without exercise, targeting sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass, strength and/or performance with age. Since amino acids and energy are required for muscle synthesis it is possible that nutritional intake influences sarcopenia. Nutritional studies are challenging to carry out because of the complexity of modulating dietary intake. It is very difficult to change one nutrient without influencing many others, which means that many of the published studies are problematic to interpret. The studies included evaluate whole protein, essential amino acids and β-hydroxyl β-methylbutyrate (HMB). Whole-protein supplementation failed to show a consistent effect on muscle mass, strength or function. This can be explained by the variations in study design, composition of the protein supplement and the failure to monitor voluntary food intake, adherence and baseline nutritional status. Essential amino-acid supplements showed an inconsistent effect but there are only two trials that have significant differences in methodology and the supplement used. The HMB studies are suggestive of a beneficial effect on older adults, but larger well-controlled studies are required that measure outcomes relevant to sarcopenia, ideally in sarcopenic populations. The issues of timing and distribution of protein intake, and increased splanchnic amino-acid sequestration are discussed, and recommendations for future trials are made.

show abstract

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole-protein Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nutritional interventions in sarcopenia: a critical review

Hickson

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In support, Yang et al by instructing elderly men to perform an acute bout of one-legged resistance exercise prior to the consumption of whey protein, demonstrated that muscle protein synthesis was greater in the exercised leg v. the non-exercised contralateral limb across a range of protein doses (83) . Moreover, when frail elderly subjects were supplemented with 15 g protein consumed twice daily during a 24-week progressive resistance exercise programme, significant improvements were observed in lean body mass, strength and physical performance (84) . Most notably, elderly adults administered with a placebo for the 24-week period in place of the protein supplement saw no detectable gains in muscle mass, albeit similar improvements in strength and physical performance to the protein group were recorded (84) .…”

Section: Possible Non-pharmacological Treatment Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle protein turnover in the elderly and its potential contribution to the development of sarcopenia

Murton

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The underlying aetiology of sarcopenia appears multifaceted and not yet fully defined, but ultimately involves the gradual loss of muscle protein content over time. The present evidence suggests that the loss of lean tissue in the elderly is exacerbated by low dietary protein intake. Moreover, acute stable-isotope-based methodologies have demonstrated that the muscle anabolic response to a given amount of protein may decline with age, a phenomenon that has been termed anabolic resistance. Although the mechanism responsible for the inability of muscle to mount a satisfactory anabolic response to protein provision with increasing age is presently unknown, it does not appear due to impaired digestion or absorption of dietary protein. Rather, the issue could reside with any combination of: a diminished delivery of amino acids to peripheral tissues, impaired uptake of amino acids into muscle cells, or an inability of amino acids to elicit intracellular events pivotal for anabolism to occur. Despite the presence of anabolic resistance to dietary protein, present evidence suggests that protein supplementation may be able to overcome these issues, particularly when combined with resistance exercise programmes. As such, protein supplementation may prove to be an effective approach to delay the loss of muscle mass with age and has led to calls for the recommended daily intake of protein to be increased for the elderly population.

show abstract

Diabetes in Old Age

Abdelhafiz

Sinclair²

2016

Textbook of Diabetes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Protein Supplementation Increases Muscle Mass Gain During Prolonged Resistance-Type Exercise Training in Frail Elderly People: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Cited by 454 publications

References 41 publications

Nutritional interventions in sarcopenia: a critical review

Nutritional interventions in sarcopenia: a critical review

Muscle protein turnover in the elderly and its potential contribution to the development of sarcopenia

Diabetes in Old Age

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About