Protein Source and Muscle Health in Older Adults: A Literature Review

Putra, Christianto; Konow, Nicolai; Gage, Matthew J.; York, Catherine G; Mangano, Kelsey M.

doi:10.3390/nu13030743

Cited by 40 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…In this sense, different proteins have been studied over the years to understand the anabolic properties of each source. Plant-based proteins are often classified as having lower digestibility and poorer EAA profiles [ 168 ]. Therefore, they may not be optimal to support skeletal muscle anabolism, particularly in the elderly.…”

Section: Maximizing Anabolic Effects Of Protein Ingestion Through An Optimal Consumption Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise

et al. 2021

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Sarcopenia is one of the main issues associated with the process of aging. Characterized by muscle mass loss, it is triggered by several conditions, including sedentary habits and negative net protein balance. According to World Health Organization, it is expected a 38% increase in older individuals by 2025. Therefore, it is noteworthy to establish recommendations to prevent sarcopenia and several events and comorbidities associated with this health issue condition. In this review, we discuss the role of these factors, prevention strategies, and recommendations, with a focus on protein intake and exercise.

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Section: Maximizing Anabolic Effects Of Protein Ingestion Through An Optimal Consumption Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise

et al. 2021

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“…Consuming greater amounts of protein may compensate for the lower essential amino acid content of plant protein [ 54 ]. Furthermore, in a plant-based diet, incomplete protein can be combined to form complete essential amino acid profiles that resemble animal protein [ 54 , 55 ]. Of note, the quality of plant protein depends on the food source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Plant Protein Intake with Change in Physical Performance in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Yeung

Woo

2022

Nutrients

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(1) Background: Dietary protein intake might be beneficial in optimizing physical performance, yet whether this is dependent on protein source and sex is unclear. We examined the association between dietary protein intake and change in physical performance among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. (2) Methods: This prospective study included older Chinese adults (≥65 years) in Hong Kong. Total, plant and animal protein intakes at baseline were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Physical performance at baseline and 4-year follow-up were assessed by the time to complete a 6-m walking test. Adjusted linear regression examined the association between total, plant and animal protein intakes (g/kg of body weight (BW)) and 4-year change in physical performance. (3) Results: 3133 participants (49.8% males) aged 71.8 ± 4.9 years were included. In males, total, plant and animal protein intakes were not associated with a change in physical performance. In females, higher plant protein intake was associated with less decline in physical performance (β 0.723, SE 0.288, p = 0.012). No associations were observed for total animal protein intakes. (4) Conclusion: In Chinese community-dwelling older adults, total and animal protein intakes were not associated with a 4-year change in physical performance. Higher plant protein intake was associated with less decline in physical performance in females.

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“…Given the equally high protein quality (PDCAAS 1.0) of soy protein isolate as most animal proteins (e.g., whey), the role of soy for muscle health is a topic of interest [28,55]. Regardless, soy protein appears to be inferior to animal-based proteins at stimulating MPS and overall muscle anabolism in healthy older adults [49,53].…”

Section: Protein Intake and Muscle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of protein sources to support muscle anabolism in cancer: An expert group opinion

et al. 2022

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This opinion paper presents a short review of the potential impact of protein on muscle anabolism in cancer, which is associated with better patient outcomes. Protein source is a topic of interest for patients and clinicians, partly due to recent emphasis on the supposed non-beneficial effect of proteins; therefore, misconceptions involving animal-based (e.g., meat, fish, dairy) and plant-based (e.g., legumes) proteins in cancer are acknowledged and addressed. Although the optimal dietary amino acid composition to support muscle health in cancer is yet to be established, animal-based proteins have a composition that offers superior anabolic potential, compared to plant-derived proteins. Thus, animal-based foods should represent the majority (i.e., !65%) of protein intake during active cancer treatment. A diet rich in plantderived proteins may support muscle anabolism in cancer, albeit requiring a larger quantity of protein to fulfill the optimal amino acid intake. We caution that translating dietary recommendations for cancer prevention to cancer treatment may be inadequate to support the pro-inflammatory and catabolic nature of the disease. We further caution against initiating an exclusively plant-based (i.e., vegan) diet upon a diagnosis of cancer, given the presence of elevated protein requirements and risk of inadequate protein intake to support muscle anabolism. Amino acid combination and the long-term sustainability of a dietary pattern void of animal-based foods requires careful and laborious management of protein intake for patients with cancer. Ultimately, a dietary amino acid composition that promotes muscle anabolism is optimally obtained through combination of animal-and plant-based protein sources.

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Protein Source and Muscle Health in Older Adults: A Literature Review

Cited by 40 publications

References 112 publications

Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise

Strategies to Prevent Sarcopenia in the Aging Process: Role of Protein Intake and Exercise

Association of Plant Protein Intake with Change in Physical Performance in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults

The importance of protein sources to support muscle anabolism in cancer: An expert group opinion

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