Protein‐resistant polyurethane by sequential grafting of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) via surface‐initiated ATRP

Abstract

Protein-resistant polyurethane (PU) surfaces were prepared by sequentially grafting poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly(HEMA)) and poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (poly(OEGMA)) via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (s-ATRP). The chain lengths of poly(HEMA) and poly(OEGMA) were regulated via the ratio of monomer to sacrificial initiator in solution. The surfaces were characterized by water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The protein resistant properties of the surfaces were assessed by single and binary adsorption experiments with fibrinogen (Fg), lysozyme (Lys), and lactalbumin (Lac). The adsorption of all three proteins on the sequentially grafted poly(HEMA)-poly(OEGMA) surfaces (PU/PH/PO) was greatly reduced compared with the unmodified PU. Adsorption decreased with increasing poly(OEGMA) chain length. On the PU/PH/PO surface with longest poly(OEGMA) chain length (∼100), the decrease in Lys adsorption was in the range of 95-98% and the decrease in Fg and Lac adsorption was >99% compared with the unmodified PU. Adsorption from binary protein solutions showed that the PU/PH/PO surfaces resisted these proteins more or less equally, that is, independent of protein size.

Blood compatible materials: state of the art

“…The rst is the incorporation of various hydrophilic polymers. Polyethylene oxide (PEO), also referred to as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), 73 poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), 74 poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) 75 and polysaccharides such as dextran 76 are examples. The second is based on modi-cation with zwitterionic polymers such as poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), 77 poly-(carboxybetaine acrylamide) (PCBAA), 34,35 poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate) (PCBMA), 36 and poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA).…”

Engineering biomaterials surfaces to modulate the host response

“…Hydroxyl group containing monomers such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) [30], 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEAA) [31], hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) [32], poly-N-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acrylamide] (PDHPA) [33], polyglycerol (PG) systems were used as neutral, hydroxyl rich polymer brushes [34] and have been tested for a range of applications. The advantage in these systems is that they are functional and highly hydrophilic.…”

Photoinduced anchoring and micropatterning of macroinitiators on polyurethane surfaces for graft polymerization of antifouling brush coatings

“…Reductions in BSA adsorption on the respective PUg-P(HEMA) and PU-g-P(PEGMA) surfaces of up to 91% and 94%, compared to that on the pristine PU surface are comparable to the reduction in brinogen adsorption of 84-98% and that in lysozyme adsorption of 67-91% on the poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate] brush-modied PU surface, 14 or the reduction in brinogen adsorption of $70% on the P(HEMA) brushe-modied PU surface. 49 The highly extended hydrophilic P(HEMA) polymer brushes are capable of physically excluding protein adsorption. 10,18 The protein repellent capacity of P(PEGMA) is likely associated with the unique properties of PEG units: minimum free energy at the polymer/water interface, nearly unlimited solubility, high mobility, large excluded volume, and hydrophilicity.…”