Protein-Osmolyte Interactions: Molecular Insights

Recent advances in respiratory immunization: A focus on COVID-19 vaccines

“…Compatible osmolytes and surfactants are widely used as stabilizing excipients [ 24 ]. The theory of preferential hydration is the principle by which compatible osmolytes act as stabilizers [ 24 , 305 , 306 ], which implies that when osmolytes (stabilizing agents) are added to the solution, water molecules preferentially interact with the protein and osmolytes are preferentially excluded from the protein surface [ [307] , [308] , [309] ]. Common compatible osmolytes include l-serine, glycine, and trimethylamine N-oxide [ 24 ].…”