Protein levels, air pollution and vitamin D deficiency: links with allergy

Abstract

The prevalence of allergic diseases has been increasing for several decades. This has been partly attributed to changing environmental factors such as exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and nutrient deficiencies, including vitamin D. Furthermore, population-based studies have suggested that air pollution may contribute to vitamin D deficiency [1], while vitamin D levels may modify pollution-driven asthma symptoms in paediatric obesity [2]. Vitamin D supplementation has also been shown to reduce the effects of pollution on asthma and other chronic respiratory diseases [3]. To date, few mechanistic studies have aimed to identify the pathways that may explain these interactions.