Protein Heterozygosity, Protein Structure, and Taxonomic Differentiation

Ward, Robert; Skibinski, D. O. F.; Woodwark, Mathew

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3336-8_3

Cited by 228 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…In comparison, a review on the extent of population subdivision in several invertebrate taxa reveals mean FST values much smaller than those found for EOW Artemia, such as 0.17 for crustaceans, 0.26 for molluscs, 0.10 for insects and a grand mean (compiled from 114 species) of 0.17 for all invertebrates (Ward et at., 1992).…”

Section: Rus a Sinica And A Urmiana) A Test Of The Nullmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and morphometric differentiation in Old World bisexual species of Artemia (the brine shrimp)

Pilla

Beardmore

1994

Heredity

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We studied bisexual populations of Eastern Old World (EOW) brine shrimp (Artemia) from China (A. sinica and Artemia sp.), Kazakhstan (Artemia sp.) and Iran (A. urmiana), together with one population of Western Old World (WOW) A. tunisiana (Italy) and a New World (NW) population of A. franciscana (U.S.A.). Allozyme electrophoresis, discriminant analyses of morphometric characters, and laboratory tests for reproductive isolation were performed. Brine shrimp show a wide range of levels of both genetic variation and differentiation, based on 20 loci (mean He = 0.058-0.108; Nei's D = 0.005-1.50 1). Mean genetic distance values are of an order usually associated with specific separation. Barriers to gene flow between EOW and WOW populations are not absolute as they are between Old World and New World populations. Among EOW populations no significant reproductive isolation was found, and high levels of genetic differentiation exist (mean FST= 0.6 16) despite minimal apparent reproductive isolation. However, discrimination based on morphometric characters within the EOW group clearly separates A. urmiana from the other populations. The use of male morphometric characters has proven at least as informative in correctly assigning individuals to the appropriate group as the more traditionally used female characters. There is no evident overall congruence between genetic, geographical and morphometric distances between the EOW populations studied.

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Section: Rus a Sinica And A Urmiana) A Test Of The Nullmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and morphometric differentiation in Old World bisexual species of Artemia (the brine shrimp)

Pilla

Beardmore

1994

Heredity

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“…Due to their ability to fly, birds can move over large geographical scales and their populations are therefore often spatially more homogeneous than in some other taxonomic groups (Barrowclough, 1983;Evans, 1987;Ward et al, 1992). However, there are some striking exceptions from this general pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low genetic differentiation in a sedentary bird: house sparrow population genetics in a contiguous landscape

et al. 2010

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The house sparrow Passer domesticus has been declining in abundance in many localities, including Finland. We studied the genetic diversity and differentiation of the house sparrow populations across Finland in the 1980s, at the onset of the species' decline in abundance. We genotyped 472 adult males (the less dispersive sex) from 13 locations in Finland (covering a range of 400 Â 800 km) and one in Sweden (Stockholm) for 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Our analysis of Finnish ringing records showed that natal dispersal distances are limited (90% o16 km), which confirmed earlier finding from other countries. The Finnish populations were panmictic, and genetically very homogeneous and the limited dispersal was sufficiently large to maintain their connectivity. However, all Finnish populations differed significantly from the Stockholm population, even though direct geographical distance to it was often smaller than among Finnish populations. Hence, the open sea between Finland and Sweden appears to form a dispersal barrier for this species, whereas dispersal is much less constrained across the Finnish mainland (which lacks geographical barriers). Our findings provide a benchmark for conservation biologists and emphasize the influence of landscape structure on gene flow.

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“…The genetic variability analysis revealed a variation in heterozygosity values among the three H. regani populations, but overall genetic variability (0.065 ± 0.012) was near the mean 0.051 for freshwater fish (Ward et al, 1992). The estimated expected heterozygosity (He) for the Itaipu population was higher (He = 0.0784) than for the Manso population (He = 0.0527) or the Corumbá population (He = 0.0317).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Genetic structuring was appraised using Wright's F-statistic (Wright, 1978) and the significance tested by the chi-square χ 2 test (Workman and Niswander, 1970). Genetic interpretation of the zymogram patterns was based on the quaternary structure of enzymes described by Ward et al (1992). Genetic identity was assessed as the unbiased Nei's genetic identity (Nei, 1978).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allozyme variation among three populations of the armored catfish Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Paraná and Paraguay river basins, Brazil

et al. 2008

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Three Brazilian populations of the armored catfish Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) were sampled, one from the Corumbá Reservoir in Goiás state, another from the Itaipu Reservoir in Paraná state and a third from the Manso Reservoir in Mato Grosso state. Allozyme electrophoresis was used to establish the genetic structure of the species, with the analysis of liver, heart and muscles tissues allowing the scoring of 25 loci from 14 enzymatic systems. Although no diagnostic loci were found, some exclusive rare alleles were recorded for the three populations. The genetically most similar populations were those from Corumbá and Itaipu, and the most distant were the populations from Manso and Corumbá. The allozyme data showed three structured populations belonging to the same species H. regani (F ST = 0.173).

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Protein Heterozygosity, Protein Structure, and Taxonomic Differentiation

Cited by 228 publications

References 140 publications

Genetic and morphometric differentiation in Old World bisexual species of Artemia (the brine shrimp)

Genetic and morphometric differentiation in Old World bisexual species of Artemia (the brine shrimp)

Low genetic differentiation in a sedentary bird: house sparrow population genetics in a contiguous landscape

Allozyme variation among three populations of the armored catfish Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Paraná and Paraguay river basins, Brazil

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