Protein electrophoretic markers in Israel: compilation of data and genetic affinities

Zoossmann-Diskin, Avshalom; A, Joel; Liron, M; Kerem, Batsheva; Shohat, Mordechai; Peleg, Leah

doi:10.1080/03014460110058971

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…Whereas recent Y-chromosomal studies have identified a trend of genetic affinity among Jewish populations [12,15,18], most notably a shared group of haplotypes common in Jewish priests from different Jewish populations [16,52,53], past autosomal studies of multiple Jewish populations have been somewhat more equivocal regarding the clustering of Jewish populations separate from non-Jewish populations [13,14,17,19,54-56]. Recent genomic studies that have identified a component of distinctive ancestry for Jewish individuals have largely focused on Ashkenazi Jews sampled in the United States in relation to the broader European-American population [7-10], finding most recently that individuals with even partial Ashkenazi ancestry can be detected on the basis of principal components analysis [10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several studies have supported a genetic affinity among most Jewish populations, potentially due to shared ancestry [11-16], others have suggested similarity between Jewish and non-Jewish populations as a result of some level of gene flow among groups [12,14,17-19]. The discovery of shared Y chromosomes common in separate Jewish populations from different geographic regions has strengthened the evidence for shared Jewish genetic ancestry, but as evidenced in the considerable attention given in Israel to the 2008 scholarly book "When and how was the Jewish people invented" [20], debate continues regarding the issue of whether separate Jewish populations have any deep shared genetic ancestry beyond that shared with non-Jewish groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic microsatellites identify shared Jewish ancestry intermediate between Middle Eastern and European populations

et al. 2009

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BackgroundGenetic studies have often produced conflicting results on the question of whether distant Jewish populations in different geographic locations share greater genetic similarity to each other or instead, to nearby non-Jewish populations. We perform a genome-wide population-genetic study of Jewish populations, analyzing 678 autosomal microsatellite loci in 78 individuals from four Jewish groups together with similar data on 321 individuals from 12 non-Jewish Middle Eastern and European populations.ResultsWe find that the Jewish populations show a high level of genetic similarity to each other, clustering together in several types of analysis of population structure. Further, Bayesian clustering, neighbor-joining trees, and multidimensional scaling place the Jewish populations as intermediate between the non-Jewish Middle Eastern and European populations.ConclusionThese results support the view that the Jewish populations largely share a common Middle Eastern ancestry and that over their history they have undergone varying degrees of admixture with non-Jewish populations of European descent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic microsatellites identify shared Jewish ancestry intermediate between Middle Eastern and European populations

et al. 2009

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“…The first nine markers are polymorphisms of red cell enzymes and serum proteins, and were typed mostly by protein electrophoresis, but the variation at the protein level is directly related in a 1:1 manner to the SNP variation at the DNA level. Indeed, some of the results for the Jewish populations were obtained by PCR methods [1,14]. The polymorphism of the remaining eight markers can only be detected at the DNA level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the studies, trying to establish the origins of the Jewish populations with autosomal markers, claimed that the Jewish populations have a common origin, but others concluded that the Jews are a very diverse group. This corpus of studies has already been critically reviewed [1]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The origin of Eastern European Jews revealed by autosomal, sex chromosomal and mtDNA polymorphisms

Zoossmann-Diskin

2010

Biology Direct

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BackgroundThis study aims to establish the likely origin of EEJ (Eastern European Jews) by genetic distance analysis of autosomal markers and haplogroups on the X and Y chromosomes and mtDNA.ResultsAccording to the autosomal polymorphisms the investigated Jewish populations do not share a common origin, and EEJ are closer to Italians in particular and to Europeans in general than to the other Jewish populations. The similarity of EEJ to Italians and Europeans is also supported by the X chromosomal haplogroups. In contrast according to the Y-chromosomal haplogroups EEJ are closest to the non-Jewish populations of the Eastern Mediterranean. MtDNA shows a mixed pattern, but overall EEJ are more distant from most populations and hold a marginal rather than a central position. The autosomal genetic distance matrix has a very high correlation (0.789) with geography, whereas the X-chromosomal, Y-chromosomal and mtDNA matrices have a lower correlation (0.540, 0.395 and 0.641 respectively).ConclusionsThe close genetic resemblance to Italians accords with the historical presumption that Ashkenazi Jews started their migrations across Europe in Italy and with historical evidence that conversion to Judaism was common in ancient Rome. The reasons for the discrepancy between the biparental markers and the uniparental markers are discussed.ReviewersThis article was reviewed by Damian Labuda (nominated by Jerzy Jurka), Kateryna Makova and Qasim Ayub (nominated by Dan Graur).

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Typing classical polymorphisms by real‐time PCR: Analysis of the GPT and ALAD protein polymorphisms in the Jewish populations

Zoossmann-Diskin

Swinburne

Shohat

et al. 2008

American J Hum Biol

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Expanding the already extensive data array on classical polymorphisms in new populations is beneficial to full characterization of the intricate relationships between human populations. This can be done in a short time on a large-scale by using real-time PCR. The red-cell enzymes Delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) have each two alleles that can be separated by protein electrophoresis. They were previously characterized by protein electrophoresis in some of the Jewish populations. We designed primers and probes for fluorescence resonance energy transfer detection of the ALAD and GPT alleles to type Jewish populations including some in which these polymorphisms have not been studied in the past. The methods described here allow fast and efficient determination of these common classical polymorphisms. When used in large-scale population studies, these methods are not only faster, but also cheaper than amplification followed by restriction enzyme digestion and gel electrophoresis. The frequency of ALAD*1 among Jews ranges from 0.781 to 0.960 and that of GPT*1 from 0.412 to 0.773. A maximum likelihood tree based on the ALAD and GPT polymorphisms and five other red-cells enzymes polymorphisms depicts quite accurately the known historic, anthropological, and geographic relations between the Jewish populations.

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Protein electrophoretic markers in Israel: compilation of data and genetic affinities

Cited by 6 publications

References 147 publications

Genomic microsatellites identify shared Jewish ancestry intermediate between Middle Eastern and European populations

Genomic microsatellites identify shared Jewish ancestry intermediate between Middle Eastern and European populations

The origin of Eastern European Jews revealed by autosomal, sex chromosomal and mtDNA polymorphisms

Typing classical polymorphisms by real‐time PCR: Analysis of the GPT and ALAD protein polymorphisms in the Jewish populations

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