Protein Content of Cervicovaginal Fluid Is Altered During Bacterial Vaginosis

Ferreira, C.; Silva, Márcia Guimarães da; Pontes, Letícia Gomes de; Santos, Lucilene Delazari dos; Marconi, Camila

doi:10.1097/lgt.0000000000000367

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The etiology of BV remains a persistent conundrum, and consequently, developing and applying more comprehensive, accurate, and advanced approaches for its diagnosis would be necessary. The use of novel approaches, such as deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (Srinivasan et al, 2012), lipidomics (Oliver et al, 2020), glycomics (Wang et al, 2015), metabolomics (Yeoman et al, 2013), and proteomics (Ferreira et al, 2018), provides further insight into the features of BV. Thus, the improved methods will fuel the application of accurate diagnostic strategies and will contribute critically to the development and application of definitive diagnostic methods.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Bv Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

143

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The vaginal microbiome is an intricate and dynamic microecosystem that constantly undergoes fluctuations during the female menstrual cycle and the woman’s entire life. A healthy vaginal microbiome is dominated by Lactobacillus which produce various antimicrobial compounds. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by the loss or sharp decline in the total number of Lactobacillus and a corresponding marked increase in the concentration of anaerobic microbes. BV is a highly prevalent disorder of the vaginal microbiota among women of reproductive age globally. BV is confirmed to be associated with adverse gynecologic and obstetric outcomes, such as sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and preterm birth. Gardnerella vaginalis is the most common microorganism identified from BV. It is the predominant microbe in polymicrobial biofilms that could shelter G. vaginalis and other BV-associated microbes from adverse host environments. Many efforts have been made to increase our understanding of the vaginal microbiome in health and BV. Thus, improved novel and accurate diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for BV have been developed. This review covers the features of vaginal microbiome, BV, BV-associated diseases, and various strategies of diagnosis and treatment of BV, with an emphasis on recent research progresses.

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Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Bv Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

143

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“…Information on the proteome of cervical-vaginal fluid (CVF) is limited, but the protein content of CVF has been shown to differ between a BV microbiome and a healthy VMB (Zegels et al, 2009;Cruciani et al, 2013;Ferreira et al, 2018). Proteins associated with the immune response are either exclusive to BV or show elevated levels of expression (Cruciani et al, 2013;Ferreira et al, 2018). Distinctive metabolites and proteins could therefore be used as biomarkers of a healthy or BV microbiome, irrespective of the dominant bacterial species.…”

Section: Metabolomics and Proteomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Newer, high-throughput technologies have created the opportunity to screen and study metabolites and proteins on a large scale. High-throughput mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques have been used to explore the vaginal milieu under BV conditions and identify proteins or metabolites as biomarkers of this condition (Yeoman et al, 2013 ; McMillan et al, 2015 ; Ferreira et al, 2018 ; Parolin et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Alternative Approaches As Potential Diagnostic Avenues For Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lactic acid, for example, forms part of the metabolome signature of a healthy VMB (Stafford et al, 2017 ). Information on the proteome of cervical-vaginal fluid (CVF) is limited, but the protein content of CVF has been shown to differ between a BV microbiome and a healthy VMB (Zegels et al, 2009 ; Cruciani et al, 2013 ; Ferreira et al, 2018 ). Proteins associated with the immune response are either exclusive to BV or show elevated levels of expression (Cruciani et al, 2013 ; Ferreira et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Alternative Approaches As Potential Diagnostic Avenues For Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities

Redelinghuys

Geldenhuys

Jung

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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A healthy female genital tract harbors a microbiome dominated by lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide producing bacteria, which provide protection against infections by maintaining a low pH. Changes in the bacterial compositions of the vaginal microbiome can lead to bacterial vaginosis (BV), which is often associated with vaginal inflammation. Bacterial vaginosis increases the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and affects women's reproductive health negatively. In pregnant women, BV can lead to chorioamnionitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm premature rupture of the membranes and preterm birth. In order to manage BV effectively, good diagnostic procedures are required. Traditionally clinical and microscopic methods have been used to diagnose BV; however, these methods require skilled staff and time and suffer from reduced sensitivity and specificity. New diagnostics, including highly sensitive and specific point-of-care (POC) tests, treatment modalities and vaccines can be developed based on the identification of biomarkers from the growing pool of vaginal microbiome and vaginal metabolome data. In this review the current and future diagnostic avenues will be discussed.

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“…Finally, the present study did not include information on vaginal microbiology, even though pathologic vaginal microbes (e.g., chlamydia trachomatis infection and bacterial vaginosis) and changes in vaginal microbiota may affect the levels of various proteins in the CVF [42][43][44]. Thus, the present study did not elucidate whether the origin of the altered levels of various proteins in the CVF was infection in the AF or vaginal infection caused by pathogenic microbes or changes in the vaginal microbiota.…”

Section: Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Identification of Cultivable Bacteria in Amniotic Fluid Using Cervicovaginal Fluid Protein Microarray in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

et al. 2020

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We aimed to identify cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) protein biomarkers of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), using an antibody microarray. This retrospective cohort study included 99 consecutive women with singleton pregnancies and PPROM (23-33 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis and who gave CVF samples. CVF proteomes from the MIAC (n = 20) versus non-MIAC groups (n = 20) were comparatively profiled by an antibody microarray using a nested case-control study design. The seven candidate biomarkers of interest were validated in the total cohort (n = 99) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). For comparison with candidate markers, amniotic fluid (AF) white blood cell (WBC) count was also measured. The primary outcome measure was MIAC (defined as positive AF culture). Thirty of the proteins studied exhibited significant intergroup differences. Measurements of the total cohort with ELISA confirmed a significant increase in the levels of CVF IL-8, lipocalin-2, MIP-1α, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 in women with MIAC, independent of gestational age at sampling. A combined, non-invasive model was developed by using a stepwise regression procedure, which included CVF IL-8 and CVF MMP-9 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.763), and this AUC was comparable with the AUC of AF WBC. Using protein-antibody microarray technology, we found several novel, independent, non-invasive biomarkers to identify MIAC in women with PPROM: IL-8, lipocalin-2, MIP-1α, MMP-9, and TIMP-1. Furthermore, the combined non-invasive model (IL-8 and MMP-9) was a useful independent predictor for MIAC with good discriminatory power, similar to AF WBC count.

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Protein Content of Cervicovaginal Fluid Is Altered During Bacterial Vaginosis

Abstract: Exclusive finding of BV affects immunity-related CVF components of reproductive-aged women.

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis

The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial Vaginosis: Current Diagnostic Avenues and Future Opportunities

Identification of Cultivable Bacteria in Amniotic Fluid Using Cervicovaginal Fluid Protein Microarray in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

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