Protein biosynthesis in mitochondria

Kuzmenko, Anton; Левицкий, С. А.; Vinogradova, Elizaveta; Atkinson, Gemma C.; Hauryliuk, Vasili; Zenkin, Nikolay; Kamenski, Piotr

doi:10.1134/s0006297913080014

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Initiation in many bacteria (e.g. Bacteroidetes, certain Cyanobacteria) and mitochondria, for example, does not entail SD-ASD interactions ( 66 – 68 ). We envisage that LepA participates in a conserved aspect of bacterial ribosome assembly, and subunits formed in its absence exhibit defects with variable consequences depending on the particular organism/organelle ( 69 , 70 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The conserved GTPase LepA contributes mainly to translation initiation in Escherichia coli

Balakrishnan

Oman

Shoji

et al. 2014

Nucleic Acids Research

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LepA is a paralog of EF-G found in all bacteria. Deletion of lepA confers no obvious growth defect in Escherichia coli, and the physiological role of LepA remains unknown. Here, we identify nine strains (ΔdksA, ΔmolR1, ΔrsgA, ΔtatB, ΔtonB, ΔtolR, ΔubiF, ΔubiG or ΔubiH) in which ΔlepA confers a synthetic growth phenotype. These strains are compromised for gene regulation, ribosome assembly, transport and/or respiration, indicating that LepA contributes to these functions in some way. We also use ribosome profiling to deduce the effects of LepA on translation. We find that loss of LepA alters the average ribosome density (ARD) for hundreds of mRNA coding regions in the cell, substantially reducing ARD in many cases. By contrast, only subtle and codon-specific changes in ribosome distribution along mRNA are seen. These data suggest that LepA contributes mainly to the initiation phase of translation. Consistent with this interpretation, the effect of LepA on ARD is related to the sequence of the Shine–Dalgarno region. Global perturbation of gene expression in the ΔlepA mutant likely explains most of its phenotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The conserved GTPase LepA contributes mainly to translation initiation in Escherichia coli

Balakrishnan

Oman

Shoji

et al. 2014

Nucleic Acids Research

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“…Instead, its functions are implemented by a short domain inserted to mitochondrial IF2 [6]. On the other hand, in invertebrates the functional analog of IF1 has not been identified [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

S. cerevisiae Strain Lacking Mitochondrial IF3 Shows Increased Levels of Tma19p during Adaptation to Respiratory Growth

Левицкий

Baleva

Chicherin

et al. 2019

Cells

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After billions of years of evolution, mitochondrion retains its own genome, which gets expressed in mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial translation machinery rather differs from modern bacterial and eukaryotic cytosolic systems. Any disturbance in mitochondrial translation drastically impairs mitochondrial function. In budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, deletion of the gene coding for mitochondrial translation initiation factor 3 - AIM23, leads to an imbalance in mitochondrial protein synthesis and significantly delays growth after shifting from fermentable to non-fermentable carbon sources. Molecular mechanism underlying this adaptation to respiratory growth was unknown. Here, we demonstrate that slow adaptation from glycolysis to respiration in the absence of Aim23p is accompanied by a gradual increase of cytochrome c oxidase activity and by increased levels of Tma19p protein, which protects mitochondria from oxidative stress.

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“…We observed an initiation codon other than AU R ( R = A or G) in the F. heteroclitus COI gene (ATC). This initiation codon has been observed in Mus [ 43 ]; however, it had not been observed in Fundulus . All amino acid changing SNPs were called with a sequencing depth of at least ten reads per site [ 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Stable genetic structure and connectivity in pollution-adapted and nearby pollution-sensitive populations ofFundulus heteroclitus

et al. 2018

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Populations of the non-migratory estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus inhabiting the heavily polluted New Bedford Harbour (NBH) estuary have shown inherited tolerance to local pollutants introduced to their habitats in the past 100 years. Here we examine two questions: (i) Is there pollution-driven selection on the mitochondrial genome across a fine geographical scale? and (ii) What is the pattern of migration among sites spanning a strong pollution gradient? Whole mitochondrial genomes were analysed for 133 F. heteroclitus from seven nearby collection sites: four sites along the NBH pollution cline (approx. 5 km distance), which had pollution-adapted fish, as well as one site adjacent to the pollution cline and two relatively unpolluted sites about 30 km away, which had pollution-sensitive fish. Additionally, we used microsatellite analyses to quantify genetic variation over three F. heteroclitus generations in both pollution-adapted and sensitive individuals collected from two sites at two different time points (1999/2000 and 2007/2008). Our results show no evidence for a selective sweep of mtDNA in the polluted sites. Moreover, mtDNA analyses revealed that both pollution-adapted and sensitive populations harbour similar levels of genetic diversity. We observed a high level of non-synonymous mutations in the most polluted site. This is probably associated with a reduction in Ne and concomitant weakening of purifying selection, a demographic expansion following a pollution-related bottleneck or increased mutation rates. Our demographic analyses suggest that isolation by distance influences the distribution of mtDNA genetic variation between the pollution cline and the clean populations at broad spatial scales. At finer scales, population structure is patchy, and neither spatial distance, pollution concentration or pollution tolerance is a good predictor of mtDNA variation. Lastly, microsatellite analyses revealed stable population structure over the last decade.

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Protein biosynthesis in mitochondria

Cited by 13 publications

References 104 publications

The conserved GTPase LepA contributes mainly to translation initiation in Escherichia coli

The conserved GTPase LepA contributes mainly to translation initiation in Escherichia coli

S. cerevisiae Strain Lacking Mitochondrial IF3 Shows Increased Levels of Tma19p during Adaptation to Respiratory Growth

Stable genetic structure and connectivity in pollution-adapted and nearby pollution-sensitive populations ofFundulus heteroclitus

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