Protein Binding Partners of Dysregulated miRNAs in Parkinson’s Disease Serum

Ruf, Wolfgang; Freischmidt, Axel; Grozdanov, Veselin; Roth, Valerie; Brockmann, Sarah J; Mollenhauer, Brit; Martin, Dorothea; Haslinger, Bernhard; Fundel‐Clemens, Katrin; Otto, Markus; Arnim, Christine von; Holzmann, Karlheinz; Ludolph, Albert C.; Weishaupt, Jochen H.; Danzer, Karin M

doi:10.3390/cells10040791

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…A number of studies examined microRNAs packaged in exosomes from cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of Parkinson's disease patients, cultured cells, and rat models of Parkinson's disease [233][234][235][236]. Several microRNAs were differentially associated with exosomes from the diseased samples as compared to controls.…”

Section: Role Of Exosomes In Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small but Mighty—Exosomes, Novel Intercellular Messengers in Neurodegeneration

Kumari

Anji

2022

Biology

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Exosomes of endosomal origin are one class of extracellular vesicles that are important in intercellular communication. Exosomes are released by all cells in our body and their cargo consisting of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids has a footprint reflective of their parental origin. The exosomal cargo has the power to modulate the physiology of recipient cells in the vicinity of the releasing cells or cells at a distance. Harnessing the potential of exosomes relies upon the purity of exosome preparation. Hence, many methods for isolation have been developed and we provide a succinct summary of several methods. In spite of the seclusion imposed by the blood–brain barrier, cells in the CNS are not immune from exosomal intrusive influences. Both neurons and glia release exosomes, often in an activity-dependent manner. A brief description of exosomes released by different cells in the brain and their role in maintaining CNS homeostasis is provided. The hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases is the accumulation of protein aggregates. Recent studies implicate exosomes’ intercellular communicator role in the spread of misfolded proteins aiding the propagation of pathology. In this review, we discuss the potential contributions made by exosomes in progression of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Understanding contributions made by exosomes in pathogenesis of neurodegeneration opens the field for employing exosomes as therapeutic agents for drug delivery to brain since exosomes do cross the blood–brain barrier.

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Section: Role Of Exosomes In Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small but Mighty—Exosomes, Novel Intercellular Messengers in Neurodegeneration

Kumari

Anji

2022

Biology

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“…According to the literature, hsa-miR-8063 was found to inhibit pancreatic cancer progression through inducing inhibition on ZFP91 [63], to suppress the epithelial–mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells by regulating its target gene MAGAT3 [64], and to induce cell migration through inhibition of the tumour suppressor FOXN2 [65]. Hsa-mir-4745–5p was strongly dysregulated in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and can be directly regulated by HNF4a [66], which was identified as a longitudinal PD blood biomarker [67]. Hsa-mir-4745–5p was also observed to be upregulated in patients with colorectal cancer [68].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of virus-encoded circular RNAs in host cells

et al. 2022

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Emerging evidence has identified viral circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human cells infected by viruses, interfering with the immune system and inducing diseases including human cancer. However, the biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms of virus-encoded circRNAs in host cells remain unknown. In this study, we used the circRNA detection tool CIRI2 to systematically determine the virus-encoded circRNAs in virus-infected cancer cell lines and cancer patients, by analysing RNA-Seq datasets derived from RNase R-treated samples. Based on the thousands of viral circRNAs we identified, the biological characteristics and potential roles of viral circRNAs in regulating host cell function were determined. In addition, we developed a Viral-circRNA Database (http://www.hywanglab.cn/vcRNAdb/), which is open to all users to search, browse and download information on circRNAs encoded by viruses upon infection.

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“…In addition, exosomal miR‐21‐3p, miR‐22‐3p and miR‐223‐5p were significantly different between Controls from PD cases and miR‐425‐5p, miR‐21‐3p, and miR‐199a‐5p distinguished between PD cases and progressive supranuclear palsy which are often misdiagnosed (Manna et al, 2021). However, a recent study found altered miRNA patterns between Control and PD cases, with the highest discriminatory value obtained in serum when compared to serum‐derived EVs (Ruf et al, 2021).…”

Section: Evs and Clinical Research On Neurodegenerative Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles in the study of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: Methodologies applied from cells to biofluids

Vaz

Martins

Henriques

2022

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining increased importance in fundamental research as key players in disease pathogenic mechanisms, but also in translational and clinical research due to their value in biomarker discovery, either for diagnostics and/or therapeutics. In the first research scenario, the study of EVs isolated from neuronal models mimicking neurodegenerative diseases can open new avenues to better understand the pathological mechanisms underlying these conditions or to identify novel molecular targets for diagnosis and/or therapeutics. In the second research scenario, the easy availability of EVs in body fluids and the specificity of their cargo, which can reflect the cell of origin or disease profiles, turn these into attractive diagnostic tools. EVs with exosome‐like characteristics, circulating in the bloodstream and other peripheral biofluids, constitute a non‐invasive and rapid alternative to study several conditions, including brain‐related disorders. In both cases, several EVs isolation methods are already available, but each neuronal model or biofluid presents its own challenges. Herein, a literature overview on EVs isolation methodologies from distinct neuronal models (cellular culture and brain tissue) and body fluids (serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and saliva) was carried out. Focus was given to approaches employed in the context of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and the main research findings discussed. The topics here revised will facilitate the choice of EVs isolation methodologies and potentially prompt new discoveries in EVs research and in the neurodegenerative diseases field.

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Protein Binding Partners of Dysregulated miRNAs in Parkinson’s Disease Serum

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Small but Mighty—Exosomes, Novel Intercellular Messengers in Neurodegeneration

Small but Mighty—Exosomes, Novel Intercellular Messengers in Neurodegeneration

Identification and characterization of virus-encoded circular RNAs in host cells

Extracellular vesicles in the study of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: Methodologies applied from cells to biofluids

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