Protein: A nutrient in focus

Arentson-Lantz, Emily; Clairmont, Stephanie; Paddon‐Jones, Douglas; Tremblay, Angelo; Elango, Rajavel

doi:10.1139/apnm-2014-0530

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Feeding studies have demonstrated increased hepatic lipogenesis during high‐carbohydrate (Hi CHO) intake and while the 10%‐12% of energy from protein meets the current recommended minimum protein intake for adults (0.66 g/kg/day of body weight), it is lower than recommended protein intake in children during growth (0.71‐0.75 g/kg/day of body weight) . In addition, the optimal recommended protein intake is currently debated in the nutrition literature and many studies suggest benefits from protein intakes higher than the minimum dietary recommended intake . We previously reported increased resting energy expenditure among participants with LC‐FAODs fed a Hi PRO diet for 6 days .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Higher dietary protein intake preserves lean body mass, lowers liver lipid deposition, and maintains metabolic control in participants with long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders

Gillingham

Elizondo

Behrend

et al. 2019

J of Inher Metab Disea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Medical nutrition therapy for long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC‐FAODs) currently emphasizes fasting avoidance, restricted dietary long‐chain fatty acid intake, supplementation with medium chain triglycerides, and increased carbohydrate intake. We hypothesize that increasing dietary protein intake relative to carbohydrate intake would preserve metabolic control yet induce physical benefits including reduced hepatic lipogenesis. Therefore, we compared two dietary approaches with similar fat intake but different carbohydrate to protein ratios in participants diagnosed with LC‐FAODs. Thirteen participants were enrolled and randomized into either a high‐protein (PRO) or a high‐carbohydrate (CHO) diet for 4 months. Baseline and 4‐month assessments included body composition, ectopic lipid deposition, and resting energy expenditure. End of study assessments also included total energy expenditure, metabolic responses to oral feedings, and whole‐body fatty acid oxidation capacity. At the end of the dietary intervention, both groups had similar energy expenditure, fat and glucose oxidation rates, and glucolipid responses to mixed meal and oral glucose loads. Neither dietary group experienced worsening symptoms related to their LC‐FAOD. Compared to the CHO group, the PRO group exhibited increased blood levels of short‐chain acylcarnitines, reduced intrahepatic lipid content, and maintained lean body mass while the CHO group lost lean mass. In patients with LC‐FAODs, increasing protein intake maintained metabolic control, reduced liver fat without risk of metabolic decompensation, and helped preserve lean body mass. We propose that a modest increase in dietary protein along with fasting avoidance and fat restriction may improve body composition and energy expenditure in patients with LC‐FAODs.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We previously reported increased resting energy expenditure among participants with LC‐FAODs fed a Hi PRO diet for 6 days . Greater dietary protein intake with a reduced carbohydrate intake in the general population is associated with a reduced risk of age‐related sarcopenia while maintaining a healthy body weight …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher dietary protein intake preserves lean body mass, lowers liver lipid deposition, and maintains metabolic control in participants with long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders

Gillingham

Elizondo

Behrend

et al. 2019

J of Inher Metab Disea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The recommended daily minimum intake of protein and amino acids (AAs) in adults is 0.8 g/kg of body weight (4). However, recent studies using stable isotope suggest that current dietary protein recommendation may not be sufficient to promote optimal muscle physiology in all populations (5). Epidemiological studies support the notion that especially in the older population, a greater protein intake, up to 19% of the energy, better preserves lean body mass (LBM) (6).…”

Section: Protein Quantity/qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models for the Study of the Relationships between Diet and Obesity: A Focus on Dietary Protein and Estrogen Deficiency

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is an increasing major public health concern asking for dietary strategies to limit weight gain and associated comorbidities. In this review, we present animal models, particularly rats and mice, which have been extensively used by scientists to understand the consequences of diet quality on weight gain and health. Notably, modulation of dietary protein quantity and/or quality has been shown to exert huge effects on body composition homeostasis through the modulation of food intake, energy expenditure, and metabolic pathways. Interestingly, the perinatal window appears to represent a critical period during which the protein intake of the dam can impact the offspring’s weight gain and feeding behavior. Animal models are also widely used to understand the processes and mechanisms that contribute to obesity at different physiological and pathophysiological stages. An interesting example of such aspect is the situation of decreased estrogen level occurring at menopause, which is linked to weight gain and decreased energy expenditure. To study metabolic disorders associated with such situation, estrogen withdrawal in ovariectomized animal models to mimic menopause are frequently used. According to many studies, clear species-specific differences exist between rats and mice that need to be taken into account when results are extrapolated to humans.

show abstract

“…Indeed, the suboptimal skewed protein distribution evident in the general population (Arentson‐Lantz et al . ) remains to be confirmed in athletes and active adults.…”

Section: Current Concepts Informing Protein Requirements For Athletesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The ingestion pattern of 4 × 20 g every 3 hours reflects an ‘even’ distribution of protein intake, as opposed to the ‘skewed’ distribution that is typical of the general population (Arentson‐Lantz et al . ), whereby small to modest amounts of protein are eaten at breakfast and lunch, and large intakes are seen at later meal(s) of the day (Fig. ).…”

Section: Current Concepts Informing Protein Requirements For Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein intake for athletes and active adults: Current concepts and controversies

Egan

2016

Nutrition Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The demands of physical exertion mean that protein requirements for athletes and active adults are now accepted as being greater than sedentary populations and those described by population reference intakes of~0.8 g protein per kg of body mass per day (g/kg/day). Recent scholarly reviews and the latest guidelines for nutrition and athletic performance from the American College of Sports Medicine suggest intakes ranging from 1.2-2.0 g/kg/day whether performing aerobic or resistance exercise, with the higher range of intakes appropriate for the latter. Specific situations of hypoenergetic diet or injury likely require greater protein intakes in order to preserve lean body mass (LBM), which is often paramount in athletes. The optimal dose of protein per meal is 0.25-0.40 g/kg when aiming to maximally stimulate muscle protein synthesis, a marker of repair, growth and adaptation, but multifactorial interactions between protein source, meal timing and pattern of distribution, and macronutrient co-ingestion around exercise influence recommendations on a meal-by-meal basis. Longer term studies are required to confirm the efficacy of these recommendations, which are primarily inferred from data from acute (<24 hours) studies. Notwithstanding the positive effects on LBM of higher protein intakes combined with exercise, it would be remiss not to consider potential adverse effects of long-term high-protein intakes, although these concerns are rather preliminary at present. Therefore, within the broad framework of recommended ranges and being cognisant of overall energy and other macronutrient intakes, a personalised and periodised approach to nutrition is required depending on an individual's sport, training volume, phase and goals.

show abstract

Protein: A nutrient in focus

Cited by 46 publications

References 64 publications

Higher dietary protein intake preserves lean body mass, lowers liver lipid deposition, and maintains metabolic control in participants with long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders

Higher dietary protein intake preserves lean body mass, lowers liver lipid deposition, and maintains metabolic control in participants with long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders

Animal Models for the Study of the Relationships between Diet and Obesity: A Focus on Dietary Protein and Estrogen Deficiency

Protein intake for athletes and active adults: Current concepts and controversies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About