Protectivity of COVID-19 Vaccines and Its Relationship with Humoral Immune Response and Vaccination Strategy: A One-Year Cohort Study

Tanır, Ferdi; Mete, Burak; Demırhındı, Hakan; Kara, Ertan; Nazlıcan, Ersin; Dağlıoğlu, Gülçin; Kibar, Filiz; Çetiner, Salih; Kanat, Ceren

doi:10.3390/vaccines10081177

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…These specific immune alterations might involve the Tregs expression or the emergence of exhausted T cells. Multiple doses of mRNA vaccines are recommended for high-risk groups ( 28 , 29 ). However, considering the potential for immune tolerance and exhaustion in cellular immunity after repeated mRNA vaccine administration (especially five or more doses), there might be an alternative strategy for SARS-CoV-2 immunization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five doses of the mRNA vaccination potentially suppress ancestral-strain stimulated SARS-CoV2-specific cellular immunity: a cohort study from the Fukushima vaccination community survey, Japan

Tani,

Takita,

Wakui

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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The bivalent mRNA vaccine is recommended to address coronavirus disease variants, with additional doses suggested for high-risk groups. However, the effectiveness, optimal frequency, and number of doses remain uncertain. In this study, we examined the long-term cellular and humoral immune responses following the fifth administration of the mRNA severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine in patients undergoing hemodialysis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to monitor long-term data on humoral and cellular immunity dynamics in high-risk populations after five doses of mRNA vaccination, including the bivalent mRNA vaccine. Whereas most patients maintained humoral immunity throughout the observation period, we observed reduced cellular immune reactivity as measured by the ancestral-strain-stimulated ELISpot assay in a subset of patients. Half of the individuals (50%; 14/28) maintained cellular immunity three months after the fifth dose, despite acquiring humoral immunity. The absence of a relationship between positive controls and T-Spot reactivity suggests that these immune alterations were specific to SARS-CoV-2. In multivariable analysis, participants aged ≥70 years showed a marginally significant lower likelihood of having reactive results. Notably, among the 14 individuals who received heterologous vaccines, 13 successfully acquired cellular immunity, supporting the effectiveness of this administration strategy. These findings provide valuable insights for future vaccination strategies in vulnerable populations. However, further research is needed to evaluate the involvement of immune tolerance and exhaustion through repeated vaccination to optimize immunization strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five doses of the mRNA vaccination potentially suppress ancestral-strain stimulated SARS-CoV2-specific cellular immunity: a cohort study from the Fukushima vaccination community survey, Japan

Tani,

Takita,

Wakui

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Waning Humoral Immune Response Following the Third and Fourth SARS‐COV‐2 Vaccine: A Cohort Study in Healthcare Workers

Süner,

Ergör,

Çağlayan

et al. 2024

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundThis study is aimed at providing information about the timing of booster doses and antibody kinetics in healthcare workers.MethodsThis research extends a prospective cohort study conducted at Dokuz Eylul University Hospital in Turkey, covering the period from March 2021 to December 2021. During this timeframe, the antibody levels of the health workers were measured at four different time points. The associations of antibody levels with gender, age, occupation, body mass index (BMI), chronic disease, and smoking were analyzed.ResultsThere was a significant difference between antibody levels in all four blood draws (p < 0.001). Antibody levels decreased in both those vaccinated with BNT162b2 (p < 0.001) and those vaccinated with CoronaVac (p = 0.002) until the fourth blood draw. There was a significant difference between those vaccinated with one and two doses of booster BNT162b2 before the third blood draw (p < 0.001), which continued at the fourth blood draw (p < 0.001). The antibody levels of those with an interval of 41–50 days between two vaccinations decreased significantly at the fourth blood draw (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study provides insight into the dynamics and persistence of antibody response after additional COVID‐19 vaccine doses among healthcare workers. The longer the interval between booster doses may result in greater antibody levels being maintained over time, allowing for longer durations of protection.

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Waning of Anti-Spike IgG Antibody Titer after COVID-19 Vaccination: Myth or Reality?

Dupoirieux

2023

JBM

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Protectivity of COVID-19 Vaccines and Its Relationship with Humoral Immune Response and Vaccination Strategy: A One-Year Cohort Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Five doses of the mRNA vaccination potentially suppress ancestral-strain stimulated SARS-CoV2-specific cellular immunity: a cohort study from the Fukushima vaccination community survey, Japan

Five doses of the mRNA vaccination potentially suppress ancestral-strain stimulated SARS-CoV2-specific cellular immunity: a cohort study from the Fukushima vaccination community survey, Japan

Waning Humoral Immune Response Following the Third and Fourth SARS‐COV‐2 Vaccine: A Cohort Study in Healthcare Workers

Waning of Anti-Spike IgG Antibody Titer after COVID-19 Vaccination: Myth or Reality?

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