Protective role of TIRAP functional variant against development of coronary artery disease

Characterization of global research trends and prospects on sudden coronary death: A literature visualization analysis

“…Plasma biomarkers, including not only traditional biomarkers like B type natriuretic peptide (BNP) [ 60 ] or troponin [ 18 ] but also inflammatory biomarkers as C -reactive protein (CRP) or high-sensitive CRP (hsCRP) [ 61 ], have improved CAD risk prediction. Moreover, researchers have investigated emerging biomarkers and further categories, such as inflammation (lpoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 [ 62 ], pentraxin-3 [ 63 ]), myocardial stress (soluble form of ST2 (18)), plaque stability (matrix metalloproteinase [ 64 ], transcription factor 3 [ 65 ], complement component 7 [ 66 ], OX40L and ICAM-1 [ 67 ]), myocardial fibrosis [ 68 , 69 ], RNA (circRNA [ [70] , [71] , [72] ], miRNA [ 73 , 74 ], mRNA [ 75 ]), and DNA (SNP[ 9 , 76 , 77 ], insertion/deletion [ 78 ]). We find that the significance of serum predictive biomarkers for sudden coronary death has been established in these studies.…”

TIRAP Rs8177376, Rs611953, Rs3802814, and Rs8177374 Polymorphisms and Their Association with Cervical Cancer Phenotype and Prognosis

“…The genetic change includes a cytosine to thymine transition resulting in the substitution from serine (Ser) to leucine (Leu) at position 180 (S180L). This may impair the TIRAP function and alter NF-κBsignaling, which would result in reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and protection against excessive inflammation [ 6 , 7 ]. However, the significance of this polymorphism for disease pathogenesis is contradictory.…”

“…The toll-interleukin-1 (TIR) domain-containing adapter protein (TIRAP), also known as myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) adaptor-like (MAL) protein, is a component of the intracellular TLR signaling pathways [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. It is well known that TIRAP recruits MyD88 to cell surface TLRs, such as TLR2 and TLR4 [ 8 ].…”

“…The TIRAP gene encoding TIRAP is located at chromosome 11q24.2 [ 6 ]. Among all the adapter proteins involved in the TLR signaling cascade, TIRAP is the most polymorphic, and any SNP present can affect the signal transduction [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Previous studies demonstrated that TIRAP polymorphisms were associated with inflammatory diseases, such as tuberculous meningitis [ 11 ] and sepsis-associated acute lung injury [ 12 ].…”