Protective Role of Carnitine Against Radiation-Induced Kidney Damage in Infant Rats: Scintigraphic and Histopathologic Evaluation

Cosar, Rusen; Altun, Gülay Durmuş; Puyan, Fulya Öz; Saynak, Mert; İbiş, Kamuran; Özen, Alaattin; Bayir-Angin, Gulden; Üstün, Funda; Denizli, Bengu; Parlar, Şule; Çaloğlu, Murat; Yurut-Caloglu, Vuslat; Uzal, Mustafa Cem; Koçak, Zafer

doi:10.1016/s0167-8140(11)71749-2

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…In a further study this group [28] showed that L-carnitine treatment significantly attenuated the radiation-induced morphological changes and germ cell apoptosis in the irradiated rat testis. Another organ that was found to be protected against radiation-induced damage was the kidney [29] [30]. This histopathological studyshowed that L-carnitine 300 mg/kg, i.p.…”

Section: Compoundmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Tissue/Organ Examined Reference L-carnitine Plasma, liver and erythrocytes Dokmeci et al, 2006 [22] Cochlear damage Altas et al, 2006 [23] Oral mucositis and myelosuppression Ucuncu et al, 2006 [24] Eye cataracts Kocer et al, 2007 [25] Brain and retinal damages Sezen et al, 2008 [26] Testis-seminiferous tubules damage Topcu-Tarladacalisir et al, 2009 [27] Testicular damage Kanter et al, 2010 [28] Kidney damage Caloglu et al, 2009, Cosar et al, 2011 [30] Ileal mucosal injury Caloglu et al, 2012 [31], Akpolat et al, 2013 [32] Acetyl-L-carnitine Lung and liver Mansour, 2006 [33] Whole body effects and mortality Babicová et al, 2013 [34] with relatively normal structure and resumption of complete spermatogenesis after 21 days [27]. In a further study this group [28] showed that L-carnitine treatment significantly attenuated the radiation-induced morphological changes and germ cell apoptosis in the irradiated rat testis.…”

Section: Compoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This histopathological studyshowed that L-carnitine 300 mg/kg, i.p. was able to attenuate damage to the kidney in particular the proximal tubular damage in infant (still developing) rats [29] [30].…”

Section: Compoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Protection Strategies against Radiation-Induced Cellular Damage by Carnitines

Virmani¹,

Diedenhofen²

2015

IJCM

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There is constant low level background radiation from the cosmos but in certain situation the body may be subjected to increased acute or chronic exposure from other sources. This occurs in situations such as radiation accidents, medical use and could possibly occur in military/terrorist incident. Dependent on the type, strength of the actual source, degree of exposure and type of radiation different strategies may be employed to reduce damage to the body tissues. A number of pharmacological agents such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma agonists, diltiazem, amifostine and palifermin as well as antioxidants and metabolic compounds have been shown to be effective in preventing and also in reducing the long-term damage of the exposure of the living cells to radiation. The major drawback of synthetic (pharmacological) compounds has been that they are highly toxic at the optimum protective dose. Studies have shown that various endogenously found compounds such as L-carnitine, and its derivative acetyl-L-carnitine, are able to protect tissues and organs against various forms of toxic insult including radiation damage. The radiation-induced chronic injury may also be counteracted by other metabolic compounds with amine groups and antioxidant properties similar to the carnitines such as cysteine, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) and N-acetylcysteine. This review discuses the radioprotective compounds as well as the potential mechanism of cellular protection against radiation by carnitines and other compounds.

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Section: Compoundmentioning

confidence: 79%