Protective role of adipose-derived stem cells and their soluble factors in photoaging

Abstract

As individuals age, the skin undergoes changes, such as irregular pigmentation, thinning and loss of elasticity, that are due to both genetic and environmental factors. These changes may worsen, progressing to precancerous and cancerous diseases. Various medical treatments and topical cosmeceuticals have been used to treat some symptoms of photoaging, however, the results have been less than satisfactory. Mesenchymal stem cells within the stromal-vascular fraction of subcutaneous adipose tissue, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), display multi-lineage developmental plasticity and secrete various growth factors that control and manage the damaged neighboring cells. Recently, the production and secretion of growth factors has been reported as an essential function of ADSCs, and diverse regenerative effects of ADSCs have been demonstrated in the skin. For example, conditioned medium from ADSCs (ADSC-CM) stimulated both collagen synthesis and migration of dermal fibroblasts, which improved the wrinkling and accelerated wound healing in animal models. ADSC-CM also inhibited melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells, and protected dermal fibroblasts from oxidative stress induced by chemicals and UVB irradiation. Therefore, ADSCs and soluble factors show promise for the treatment of photoaging, and this review introduces recent research developments of the ADSCs and ADSC-derived secretory factors regarding this issue.

Adipose mesenchymal stromal cells minimize and repair radiation-induced oral mucositis

“…aMSCs are promising for cellular therapies due to their prominent anti-inflammatory effects, enhancing IL-10 secretion, ease of isolation, high cell count after expansion, as well as their source abundance [73]. In radiation-induced normal tissue injury, aMSCs have shown significant repair of cutaneous radiation syndrome [79][80][81][82][83] and photo-aging [84], RT-induced acute salivary gland [85] and intestine injuries [70,[86][87][88], and chronic injuries induced by radiotherapy [80,89]. In addition, we have shown in a previous study that aMSCs are relatively resistant to ionizing radiation, a property that qualifies them to be a reliable cellular therapy candidate before and during RT [159].…”

“…aMSCs have been investigated in many studies for cutaneous radiation syndrome [79][80][81][82][83] and photo-aging [84] with significant tissue repair. aMSCs systemic cell therapy led to significant restoration and improvement of acute salivary gland [85] and intestine injuries [70,[86][87][88] induced by ionizing radiation (IR).…”

“…basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) in order to enhance the healing in radiation-induced skin damage [84]. The enhancement of the migration of fibroblasts and collagen will protect the fibroblasts from the oxidative stress of UVB radiation [84].…”

Facial skin rejuvenation by autologous dermal microfat transfer in photoaged patients: Clinical evaluation and skin surface digital profilometry analysis

“…38 In this regard, evaluating strategies to counteract oxidative stress may be relevant not only for the treatment of photoaging but also for other ROSmediated age-related pathologies. Antioxidant activity by secreted factors produced by the transplanted material could play a crucial role in mitigating the effect of photoaging, 14 but additional research is needed to support this hypothesis.…”

The Role of Stem Cell Injection in Amelioration of Diabetic Nephropathy in Experimentally Induced Diabetic Rats.

“…Drugs that decrease blood glucose, lower blood pressure, or inhibit the actions of the hormone angiotensin can delay, but not eliminate, the onset of DN. Thus, the development of novel therapeutic strategies that could specifically target DN is necessary [17].…”