Protective Efficacy of a Bivalent Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vaccine in the Syrian Hamster Model of Lethal Ebola Virus Infection

Tsuda, Yuichi; Safronetz, David; Brown, Kyle S.; LaCasse, Rachel; Marzi, Andrea; Ebihara, Hideki; Feldmann, Heinz

doi:10.1093/infdis/jir379

Cited by 54 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…27 , 49 , 50 In addition, a dual VSV-based vector expressing the GPs of viruses from two different virus families was shown to protect against both viruses in an animal model with similar short time to protection and post-exposure efficacy as VSV-EBOV. 18 , 51 Now that the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of the VSV platform have been proven, it is time to finally license this platform, as has been recently done in Russia. In addition, moving VSV-based vaccines for other pathogenic viruses with outbreak potential, such as MARV, LASV, and Nipah virus, forward to clinical trials should be a priority.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The vesicular stomatitis virus-based Ebola virus vaccine: From concept to clinical trials

Suder

Furuyama

Feldmann

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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115

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The devastating Ebola virus (EBOV) epidemic in West Africa in 2013–2016 accelerated the progress of several vaccines and antivirals through clinical trials, including the replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine expressing the EBOV glycoprotein (VSV-EBOV). Extensive preclinical testing in animal models demonstrated the prophylactic and post-exposure efficacy of this vaccine, identified the mechanism of protection, and suggested it was safe for human use. Based on these data, VSV-EBOV was extensively tested in phase 1–3 clinical trials in North America, Europe and Africa. Although some side effects of vaccination were observed, these clinical trials showed that the VSV-EBOV was safe and immunogenic in humans. Moreover, the data supported the use of VSV-EBOV as an emergency vaccine in individuals at risk for Ebola virus disease. In this review, we summarize the results of the extensive preclinical and clinical testing of the VSV-EBOV vaccine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a post-exposure study, all hamsters in the groups treated immediately or 24 hours after challenge survived, while all hamsters treated 48 hours after challenge succumbed to MA-EBOV infection. 18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vesicular stomatitis virus-based Ebola virus vaccine: From concept to clinical trials

Suder

Furuyama

Feldmann

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

Self Cite

115

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“…13 Other preclinical studies also demonstrated a rapid and significant protection in NHPs. 12,14,[48][49][50][51][52] The first 3 open-label, uncontrolled, phase I clinical trials of rVSV-EBOV vaccine were conducted in Lambar en e, Kilifi, and Hamburg, respectively, which were designed to assess the safety, and immunogenicity of escalating doses ranging from 3 £ 10 5 to 2 £ 10 7 vp in early 2014 (NCT02283099, NCT02287480, NCT02296983) ( Table 1). 53 The preliminary results of the rVSV-EBOV vaccine from the above 3 trials, involving a total of 99 participants, demonstrated a good immunogenicity, but a mild to moderate reactions related to vaccination (Table 4).…”

Section: Rvsv-ebovmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ebola vaccines in clinical trial: The promising candidates

Wang

et al. 2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Ebola virus disease (EVD) has become a great threat to humans across the world in recent years. The 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa caused numerous deaths and attracted worldwide attentions. Since no specific drugs and treatments against EVD was available, vaccination was considered as the most promising and effective method of controlling this epidemic. So far, 7 vaccine candidates had been developed and evaluated through clinical trials. Among them, the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virusbased vaccine (rVSV-EBOV) is the most promising candidate, which demonstrated a significant protection against EVD in phase III clinical trial. However, several concerns were still associated with the Ebola vaccine candidates, including the safety profile in some particular populations, the immunization schedule for emergency vaccination, and the persistence of the protection. We retrospectively reviewed the current development of Ebola vaccines and discussed issues and challenges remaining to be investigated in the future.

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“…The protective potential of the rVSV vaccine against ZEBOV infection has been demonstrated extensively in rodents [65–67] and also in NHPs showing that a single dose can protect animals from lethal disease 4 weeks post-immunzation [68]. The animals were completely protected from disease and did not develop detectable ZEBOV viremia.…”

Section: Replication-competent Vaccine Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ebola virus vaccines: an overview of current approaches

Marzi¹,

Feldmann

2014

Expert Review of Vaccines

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122

112

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Ebola hemorrhagic fever is one of the most fatal viral diseases worldwide affecting humans and nonhuman primates. Although infections only occur frequently in Central Africa, the virus has the potential to spread globally and is classified as a category A pathogen that could be misused as a bioterrorism agent. As of today there is no vaccine or treatment licensed to counteract Ebola virus infections. DNA, subunit and several viral vector approaches, replicating and non-replicating, have been tested as potential vaccine platforms and their protective efficacy has been evaluated in nonhuman primate models for Ebola virus infections, which closely resemble disease progression in humans. Though these vaccine platforms seem to confer protection through different mechanisms, several of them are efficacious against lethal disease in nonhuman primates attesting that vaccination against Ebola virus infections is feasible.

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Protective Efficacy of a Bivalent Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vaccine in the Syrian Hamster Model of Lethal Ebola Virus Infection

Abstract: Bivalent VSV vectors are a feasible approach to vaccination against multiple pathogens.

Cited by 54 publications

References 33 publications

The vesicular stomatitis virus-based Ebola virus vaccine: From concept to clinical trials

The vesicular stomatitis virus-based Ebola virus vaccine: From concept to clinical trials

Ebola vaccines in clinical trial: The promising candidates

Ebola virus vaccines: an overview of current approaches

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