Protective Effects of Paeoniflorin Against Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells via Antioxidant Mechanisms and Ca2+ Antagonism

Abstract

Preclinical and clinical investigations have shown hippocampal neuronal atrophy and destruction were observed in patients with depression, which could be ameliorated by the treatment with antidepressants. Therefore, neuroprotection has been proposed to be one of the acting mechanisms of antidepressant. Paeoniflorin, a monoterpene glycoside, has been reported to display antidepressant-like effects in animal models of behavioral despair. The present study aimed to examine the protective effect of paeoniflorin on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. The results showed that pretreatment with paeoniflorin elevated cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, decreased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and enhanced activity of superoxide dismutase in glutamate-treated PC12 cells. Pretreatment with paeoniflorin also reversed the increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and the reduced Calbindin-D28K mRNA level caused by glutamate in PC12 cells. The results suggest that paeoniflorin exerts a neuroprotective effect on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, at least in part, via inhibiting oxidative stress and Ca(2+) overload. This neuroprotective effect may be one of the action pathways accounting for the in vivo antidepressant activity of paeoniflorin.

Protective Effects of Piperine Against Corticosterone-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells

“…The procedure for culturing PC12 cells has been described elsewhere (Mao et al 2009(Mao et al , 2010c(Mao et al , 2011c. The cells were seeded onto 96-well culture plate at 2 9 10 4 cells/well, unless otherwise specified.…”

“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured using the DCFH-DA method (Mao et al 2010c). DCFH-DA is a non-fluorescent compound, and it can be enzymatically converted to highly fluorescent compound, DCF, in the presence of ROS.…”

Pharmacokinetics and disposition of monoterpene glycosides derived from Paeonia lactiflora roots (Chishao) after intravenous dosing of antiseptic XueBiJing injection in human subjects and rats

“…Fourth, several cell-based studies suggested that paeoniflorin isolate exhibits neuroprotective effects [30][31][32][33] . However, paeoniflorin (5) was found to have poor brain penetration in the current study.…”

“…Several Chishao monoterpene glycosides, including paeoniflorin, albiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, and galloylpaeoniflorin, have been detected in XueBiJing injection [18] . Cell-and animal-based studies have shown that paeoniflorin and other monoterpene glycosides exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antithrombosis, antioxidative, and neuroprotective properties [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] . Due to these pharmacological properties, several bioanalytical assays were developed to measure plasma concentrations of paeoniflorin and albiflorin [34][35][36] .…”

Original article Paeoniflorin attenuates Aβ 25-35 -induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction

“…Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside isolated from the aqueous extract of the Chinese herb Radix Paeoniae alba, was reported to exert wide pharmacological effects in the nervous system ( Fig. 1) [1,[10][11][12]21]. Previous studies have identified that PF could attenuate the neurotoxicity induced by β-amyloid in the animal model and…”