Protective effects of molecular hydrogen on lung injury from lung transplantation

Abstract

Lung grafts may experience multiple injuries during lung transplantation, such as warm ischaemia, cold ischaemia, and reperfusion injury. These injuries all contribute to primary graft dysfunction, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. As a potential selective antioxidant, hydrogen molecule (H2) protects against post-transplant complications in animal models of multiple organ transplantation. Herein, the authors review the current literature regarding the effects of H2 on lung injury from lung transplantation. The reviewed studies showed that H2 improved the outcomes of lung transplantation by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation at the donor and recipient phases. H2 is primarily administered via inhalation, drinking hydrogen-rich water, hydrogen-rich saline injection, or a hydrogen-rich water bath. H2 favorably modulates signal transduction and gene expression, resulting in the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and excess reactive oxygen species production. Although H2 appears to be a physiological regulatory molecule with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, its exact mechanisms of action remain elusive. Taken together, accumulating experimental evidence indicates that H2 can significantly alleviate transplantation-related lung injury, mainly via inhibition of inflammatory cytokine secretion and reduction in oxidative stress through several underlying mechanisms. Further animal experiments and preliminary human clinical trials will lay the foundation for the use of H2 as a treatment in the clinic.

Si-based agent alleviated small bowel ischemia–reperfusion injury through antioxidant effects

“…Because organ transplantations, such as those of the lungs, heart, and kidneys, are closely related to IR injury, the success rate of transplantation depends on the extent to which IR injury is suppressed 33 , 34 . According to previous reports, the administration of hydrogen gas has been proven effective in suppressing IR injury after liver and lung transplantation 35 , 36 , and hydrogen is very effective for successful organ transplantation 37 , 38 . Filling the lumen with hydrogen also protected the intestinal tract from IR injury after transplantation 39 , 40 .…”

Study on the therapeutic effect of coral calcium hydrogenated, a material that slowly releases hydrogen, on allergic contact dermatitis

“…This could be attributed to CCH continuously release hydrogen in mice, which can sustain anti-in ammatory effects in vivo. The anti-in ammatory mechanism of hydrogen is complex, the biological activity exhibited may be the combined effect of multiple mechanisms overlapping [18][19][20], so the relevant mechanism is not explored in depth in this manuscript. The mainstream theory suggests that hydrogen neutralizes the non-speci c effector molecule hydroxyl radicals and reduces oxidative loss or inhibits oxidative stress, thus regulating the oxidative stress signaling effect and exerting anti-in ammatory effects [21].…”

Inflation using hydrogen improves donor lung quality by regulating mitochondrial function during cold ischemia phase

“…Increasing evidence has suggested that H 2 exerts various biological effects, including anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and anti-pyroptosis [ 19 , 20 ], while regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial and immunological function [ 21 ]. Additionally, H 2 also modulates some intracellular signaling pathways, such as Nrf2/HO-1, NF-κB, MAPK, aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-5 [ 22 ]. Noda et al .…”