Protective Effects of Li‐Fei‐Xiao‐Yan Prescription on Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Acute Lung Injury via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and the TLR4/NF‐κB Pathway

Abstract

Li-Fei-Xiao-Yan prescription (LFXY) has been clinically used in China to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases including inflammatory lung diseases. The present study was aimed at evaluating the potential therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of LFXY in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, the mice were orally pretreated with LFXY or dexamethasone (positive drug) before the intratracheal instillation of LPS. Our data indicated that pretreatment with LFXY enhanced the survival rate of ALI mice, reversed pulmonary edema and permeability, improved LPS-induced lung histopathology impairment, suppressed the excessive inflammatory responses via decreasing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and chemokine (MIP-2) and inhibiting inflammatory cells migration, and repressed oxidative stress through the inhibition of MPO and MDA contents and the upregulation of antioxidants (SOD and GSH) activities. Mechanistically, treatment with LFXY significantly prevented LPS-induced TLR4 expression and NF-κB (p65) phosphorylation. Overall, the present study suggests that LFXY protected mice from acute lung injury induced by LPS via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB p65 activation and upregulation of antioxidative enzymes and it may be a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for ALI in the clinical setting.

Effects of treatment with gold nanoparticles in a model of acute pulmonary inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide

“…This increase was caused by action of GNPs affecting thiol bonds of KEAP1, and thus, changing their conformation and releasing NRF2 for subsequent transcription of cytoprotective genes, contributing to the antioxidative effect. Such effect on the NRF2 pathway was also shown by Xu et al () where an increase in activity of antioxidant enzymes, SOD, GPx, and CAT, and a decrease in levels of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and MDA in the kidney of animals administered with LPS were observed by western blot and PCR after intraperitoneal administration of GNPs. Yoshihara et al () demonstrated a decrease in the expression of CD68, a protein which is bound to the membrane of macrophages, and increase in SOD1 levels in an epithelial lesion model, thus demonstrating the possible antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects of GNPs.…”

“…LPS induces oxidative stress‐mediated tissue damage (Xu et al, ). It is known that oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the generation and elimination of ROS and leads to the formation of products, such as HNE, malondialdehyde (MDA), and carbonyl groups along with decrease in expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, GPx, and CAT followed by decrease in GSH levels, thereby favoring tissue damage.…”

Protective effects of the suppressed NF‐κB/TLR4 signaling pathway on oxidative stress of lung tissue in rat with acute lung injury

“…The repression of TLR4 and NF‐κB p65 could effectively suppress oxidative stress via suppression of MPO and MDA contents. Therefore, the upregulation of the SOD and GSH activities could thoroughly relieve ALI . Based on the aforementioned results, we came to the conclusion that the inhibition of NF‐κB/TLR4 signaling pathway could suppress oxidative stress, and in doing so, alleviate ALI.…”

Use of Tannin-Containing Plants as Antimicrobials Influencing the Animal Health

“…Animals were historically handled with specific knowledge or ethnomedical treatment that encompasses approaches for caring for, treating, and handling animals before the advent of modern drugs (14). So many Chinese scientists have investigated a variety of ordinary plant materials as potential alternative remedies, reporting benefits such as improved immune response, antimicrobial and anticancer activity, and reduced stress (15)(16)(17)(18).…”