Protective Effects of Kuding Tea (Ilex kudingcha C. J. Tseng) Polyphenols on UVB-Induced Skin Aging in SKH1 Hairless Mice

Abstract

In this study, the protective effects of Kuding tea polyphenols (KTPs) on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin injury of SKH1 hairless mice were studied. The ion precipitation method was used for extraction of polyphenols from Kuding tea. High-performance liquid chromatography showed that KTPs contains chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid C. SKH1 hairless mice were induced skin aging using 2.0 mW/s intensity of 90 mJ/cm2 UV light once a day for seven weeks. The 2.5% and 5% KTPs solution was smeared on 2 cm2 of back skin of skin aging mice twice a day. Mouse experiments showed that KTP strongly increased the serum levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) and reduced those of malondialdehyde, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in mice with UVB-induced skin damage. KTP also increased the levels of type 1 collagen (Col I), hydroxyproline, and hyaluronic acid and reduced those of Col III and hydrogen peroxide in the damaged skin tissues of mice. Pathological observations of tissues stained with H & E, Masson’s trichrome, Verhoeff, and toluidine blue showed that KTPs could protect skin cells, collagen, and elastin and decrease the number of mast cells, thus inhibiting skin damage. Quantitative PCR and western blot assays showed that KTP upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), TIMP-2, copper/zinc-SOD, manganese-SOD, CAT, and glutathione peroxidase and downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. In addition, the same concentration of KTP had stronger protective effects than vitamin C. The results of this study demonstrate that KTPs have good skin protective effects, as they are able to inhibit UVB-induced skin damage.

Determination of Polyphenols in Ilex kudingcha and Insect Tea (Leaves Altered by Animals) by Ultra-high-performance Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS) and Comparison of Their Anti-Aging Effects

“…Compared with the model group, IKDCP and ITP upregulated the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, CAT, GSH1 , and increased GSH-PX mRNA and protein, indicating that the free radicals produced by oxidative metabolism in the liver, skin, and spleen tissue of aging mice induced by D-galactose can be eliminated. An anti-oxidant effect was observed after ITP treatment, which upregulated the expression of anti-oxidant-related genes and proteins so that they were similar to that of normal organisms, which is consistent with the results of Guo et al (2020) and Yi et al (2019) .…”

“…Its antioxidant effect is remains relatively stable and obvious. The use of VC as a positive control for aging models has been widely verified and used ( Yi et al, 2019 ; Forman et al, 2020 ; Li C. et al, 2019b ).…”

“…It is a folk traditional medicinal plant in southwest of China, rich in various effective ingredients, and has a long history of folk use. In recent years, it has become increasingly popular with consumers, and is known as “beauty tea”, “yishou tea”, “green gold” and other names ( Yi et al, 2019 ). The chemical composition of Ilex kudingcha processed by holly leaves is relatively complex, mainly including triterpenes and glycosides , flavonoids , polyphenols , amino acids , volatile oils and polysaccharides and other effective substances.…”

Effect of Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) fruit extract on H2O2-induced oxidative and inflammatory responses in normal fibroblast cells

“…In this study, E. umbellata extract increased TIMP-1 expression by 43% compared to the non-treated control. A similar result was obtained when Spatholobus suberectus stem extract was applied to UVB-induced human keratinocyte cells ( Kwon et al, 2019 ), polyphenol-rich red grape skin extract on vascular inflammation cell models ( Calabriso et al, 2016 ), and kuding tea polyphenols on UVB-induced skin aging in hairless mice ( Yi et al, 2019 ).…”

Chemical Composition, Bioactivity and Safety Aspects of Kuding Tea—From Beverage to Herbal Extract

“…Polyphenols derived from I. kudingcha were also reported to inhibit skin damage caused by ultraviolet B-induced skin injury in SKH1 hairless mice. The antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of KT polyphenols plus the fact that they modulate skin proteins (MMPs, TIMPs) are probably responsible for their skin-protective properties [42].…”