Protective Effects of Inosine on Memory Consolidation in a Rat Model of Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Involvement of Cholinergic Signaling, Redox Status, and Ion Pump Activities

Teixeira, Fernanda Cardoso; Mattos, Bruna da Silveira de; Mello, Julia Eisenhardt de; Cardoso, Juliane de Souza; Spohr, Luíza; Luduvico, Karina Pereira; Soares, Mayara Sandrielly Pereira; Carvalho, Fabiano B.; Gutierres, Jessié Martins; Felix, Anelize de Oliveira Campello; Stefanello, Francieli Moro; Spanevello, Rosélia Maria

doi:10.1007/s11064-021-03460-5

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In addition, it has also been shown that inosine can exert a protective effect against scopolamine-induced memory consolidation impairment through the regulation of brain redox status, cholinergic signaling, and ion pump activity, thus suggesting that it could be useful in the prevention of the neurodegenerative mechanisms implicated in AD [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inosine In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Teixeira et al also explored inosine action in a rat model of scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment [ 34 ]. In this model, scopolamine caused impairment in the memory acquisition and consolidation phases, and inosine prevented only the damage in memory consolidation [ 34 ]. Moreover, scopolamine enhanced the activity of acetylcholinesterase and decreased the activity of Na + , K + -ATPase, and inosine exerted a protective effect against these changes in the consolidation protocol [ 34 ].…”

Section: Inosine In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, inosine ameliorated the redox status by decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and re-establishing antioxidant enzyme activity [ 34 ].…”

Section: Inosine In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inosine in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From the Bench to the Bedside

2022

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Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer′s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), currently represent major unmet medical needs. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies are needed in order to improve patients’ quality of life and prognosis. Since oxidative stress can be strongly involved in neurodegenerative diseases, the potential use of inosine, known for its antioxidant properties, in this context deserves particular attention. The protective action of inosine treatment could be mediated by its metabolite urate. Here, we review the current preclinical and clinical studies investigating the use of inosine in AD, PD, ALS, and MS. The most important properties of inosine seem to be its antioxidant action and its ability to raise urate levels and to increase energetic resources by improving ATP availability. Inosine appears to be generally safe and well tolerated; however, the possible formation of kidney stones should be monitored, and data on its effectiveness should be further explored since, so far, they have been controversial. Overall, inosine could be a promising potential strategy in the management of neurodegenerative diseases, and additional studies are needed in order to further investigate its safety and efficacy and its use as a complementary therapy along with other approved drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inosine In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inosine In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inosine In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inosine in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From the Bench to the Bedside

2022

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“…Memory impairment was induced on the days of the experiments 30 min after treatment with saline and cariprazine by applying scopolamine (SCP) 1 mg/kg b.w. intraperitoneally (excepting group 1—negative control) [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Cariprazine on Memory and Cognition in Experimental Rodent Models

Zlatanova

Georgieva-Kotetarova

Vilmosh

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The main symptoms of schizophrenia are categorized as positive, negative, and cognitive. Cognitive impairments do not generally respond to antipsychotics. Cariprazine is a novel antipsychotic conceived with the idea that high affinity for D3 receptors may elicit a favorable response in the management of cognitive deficits. We evaluated the pro-cognitive properties of 14-day long pre-treatment with cariprazine (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg b.w. intraperitoneally) in experimental rodent models with scopolamine-induced memory impairment employing novel object recognition test (NORT), T-maze, Y-maze, and passive avoidance tasks (step-through and step-down). Statistical analysis was performed with One Way ANOVA. In NORT cariprazine increased the recognition index. In T-maze and Y-maze cariprazine increased the working memory index as well as the percentage of spontaneous alternation. Cariprazine improved learning and memory in both short-term and long-term memory retention tests in step-down and step-through tasks. Cariprazine improves learning, recognition, and spatial memory in rats with scopolamine-induced memory impairment. Cariprazine’s beneficial effect on cognition is likely due to its affinity for D3 receptors, as well as agonism at 5-HT1A receptors. Most probably, the cognitive-enhancing properties of cariprazine are the result of integrated modulation in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex.

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