Protective effects of Cotoneaster integerrimus on in vitro and ex-vivo models of H₂ O₂ -induced lactate dehydrogenase activity in HCT116 cell and on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in rat colon

Abstract

The present study evaluated the biological potential of methanol and aqueous extracts of the twigs and fruits of Cotoneaster integerrimus Medik. Lethality bioassays performed on Artemia salina showed that aqueous and methanol C. integerrimus extracts were non‐toxic in the concentration range (0.1–20 mg/ml), with a LC50 ≥ 2.5 mg/ml, for each single extract. The protective effect of the extracts was assessed in vitro against hydrogen peroxide‐induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α gene expression in colon cancer HCT116 cell line. All the extracts downregulated (H2O2)‐induced TNFα gene expression, in HCT116. By contrast, it was observed that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced increase in colon nitrite, prostaglandin E2, and 8‐iso‐PGF2α levels were counteracted mostly by the methanol twig extract. The present study showed protective effects induced by C. integerrimus in vitro and ex vivo, thus supporting potential application in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases. Practical applications In the present study, protective effects of C. integerrimus are highlighted using in vitro and ex‐vivo models of hydrogen peroxide‐induced LDH activity in HCT116 cell and on LPS‐induced inflammation in rat colon. Based on our results, this edible and traditionally used species could be considered as a valuable source of natural agents to combat inflammatory diseases, particularly ulcerative colitis. Results amassed herein advocates for further bioprospection of this species that could open new avenues for the development of nutraceuticals and functional foods geared toward the management of chronic inflammatory diseases.

The Anti-Acne Potential and Chemical Composition of Two Cultivated Cotoneaster Species

“…The plant materials were dried in the shade at 24 • C (±0.5 • C) to achieve a constant weight [17]. Extracts were prepared using a mixture of methanol-acetone-water (3:1:1, v/v/v; 3 × 100 mL), and then sonicated at a controlled temperature (40 ± 2 • C) for 30 min [13]. The combined extracts were filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, and after freezing, lyophilized in a vacuum concentrator (Free Zone 1 apparatus; Labconco, Kansas City, KS, USA) to obtain dried residues.…”

“…The medicinal uses of Cotoneaster species in skin disorders have been reported in Pakistan, Turkey, India, Lebanon, and Iran as therapeutic agents in the treatment of cuts and wounds [13]. In addi-and Iran as therapeutic agents in the treatment of cuts and wounds [13]. In addition, an anti-itching effect of Cotoneaster has been observed [14,15].…”

“…Furthermore, leaves of C. microphyllus are used for dermatitis. The medicinal uses of Cotoneaster species in skin disorders have been reported in Pakistan, Turkey, India, Lebanon, and Iran as therapeutic agents in the treatment of cuts and wounds [13]. In addi-and Iran as therapeutic agents in the treatment of cuts and wounds [13].…”

An Overview of the Genus Cotoneaster (Rosaceae): Phytochemistry, Biological Activity, and Toxicology

“…As shown in the literature, recently much focus has been devoted to screening novel drugs with anti-inflammatory potential isolated from various plant sources [ 51 ]. Anti-inflammatory activity has been reported for several Cotoneaster species [ 20 , 21 , 52 ]. In a recent comparative study of Cotoneaster leaves and fruits regarding their ability to inhibit lipoxygenase (LOX) and hyaluronidase (HYAL), all tested methanol-water (7:3) extracts were able to reduce the activity of both pro-inflammatory enzymes [ 20 , 21 ].…”

“…Further studies on this species conducted in a model of colon cancer (the HCT116 cell line) showed that the tested fruits and twigs had the ability to decrease the activity of key inflammatory cytokines involved in the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis. All aqueous and methanolic extracts, tested at 100 µg/mL, significantly reduced H 2 O 2 -induced TNFα gene expression, while the methanolic extract of twigs was the most effective at inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitrite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) [ 52 ].…”