Protective effects of Forsythia suspensa extract against oxidative stress induced by diquat in rats

Effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid and betaine supplementation on performance, blood biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of broilers subjected to cold stress

“…Also, cold stress causes oxidative stress in tissues such as heart, kidney, small intestine, thymus, adrenal glands and lungs (Venditti et al 2010). Cold temperature and rapid growth enhance the metabolic rate, which is followed by creating a high oxygen requirement, and causes an imbalance between the respiration system and the high oxygen requirement, leading to systemic hypoxia (Wideman & Kirby 1995), which increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria (Lu et al 2010). When the rate of ROS production exceeds the protective capacity of antioxidant, the excess ROS oxidizes proteins and DNA within the cell, damages the polyunsaturated fatty acids on the bio-membrane and initiates lipid peroxidation chain reaction (Bottje & Wideman 1995).…”

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“…Oxidative stress is caused by free radicals, reactive oxygen species which damage DNA, biomembrane lipids, proteins and other macromolecules [14]. The primary source of reactive oxygen species is leakage of electron from the respiratory chain during the reduction of molecular oxygen to water generating superoxide anion [14,15]. However, free radicals can be scavenged by the use of antioxidant system including non-enzymatic components and a series of antioxidant enzymes [14].…”

“…Recently, chronic camel trypanosomiasis was associated with a state of oxidative stress process. Oxidative stress is caused by free radicals, reactive oxygen species which damage DNA, biomembrane lipids, proteins and other macromolecules [14]. The primary source of reactive oxygen species is leakage of electron from the respiratory chain during the reduction of molecular oxygen to water generating superoxide anion [14,15].…”

“…The primary source of reactive oxygen species is leakage of electron from the respiratory chain during the reduction of molecular oxygen to water generating superoxide anion [14,15]. However, free radicals can be scavenged by the use of antioxidant system including non-enzymatic components and a series of antioxidant enzymes [14]. Non enzymatic components include glutathione, selenium, Vitamin C and E. The antioxidant enzymes include glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase which are the most major antioxidant enzymes that are capable to minimize oxidative stress in the organelles [16].…”

Protective Effects of Forsythiaside A, Forsythiaside B, and Phillyrin against UVA-Induced Cell Damage

“…Vahl, is a widely distributed climbing plant and an important traditional Chinese medicine [11]. It has significant antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities [12,13]. Lignans, phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, volatile oils, and terpenes have all been extracted from the plant, among which forsythiaside A, forsythiaside B, and phillyrin are thought to be the main bioactive constituents.…”