Protective effects of dehydrocostuslactone on rat hippocampal slice injury induced by oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reoxygenation

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of dehydrocostuslactone (DHL) against rat hippocampal slice injury caused by oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Rat hippocampal slice injury was induced by OGD/R in vitro, and the degree of injury was evaluated through a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and 2,3,5‑triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The protein expression levels of B‑cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl‑2), Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax), cytochrome c (cyt‑c), apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (apaf‑1), caspase‑9, caspase‑7, caspase‑3, sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) and microtubule‑associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) were analyzed through western blot analysis. The results showed that 1, 5 and 10 µM DHL decreased the levels of LDH (P<0.05) and increased the A490 value of TTC (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of Bcl‑2 was enhanced, and the protein expression levels of Bax, cyt‑c, apaf‑1, caspase‑9, caspase‑7, caspase‑3, SQSTM1 and LC3 were significantly inhibited (P<0.05), compared with those in the OGD/R group. These results suggested that DHL elicited protective effects against hippocampal OGD/R injury, and its underlying mechanism may be associated with inhibiting apoptosis.

Saussurea lappa Ethanolic Extract Attenuates Triamcinolone Acetonide-Induced Pulmonary and Splenic Tissue Damage in Rats via Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis

“…The favorable effect of the phenolic and flavonoids compounds in S. lappa treatment on blood cells production could be responsible for the adjustment of the different leukocytes count [37]. In addition, the anti-apoptotic activity of S. lappa detected here and in other types of cells in earlier studies [72,73] could partly share in suppressing neutrophil proliferation.…”

“…However, it seems that S. lappa has a different mode of action toward normal cells. For instance, in the study of Zhao et al [73], S. lappa's main bioactives significantly reduced the Caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway in neuronal cells, probably linked to the free radical scavenging activity. Besides, other natural products showed selective apoptotic activity [105,106].…”

Mitochondrial MPTP: A Novel Target of Ethnomedicine for Stroke Treatment by Apoptosis Inhibition

“…The balanced redox effect of ginsenoside Rd may contribute to the improvement of cerebral injury symptoms (Ye et al, 2011a). Further evidence showed that Rd could improve mitochondrial respiratory function and increase ATP production by reducing ROS production, thereby maintaining MMP and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis (Ye et al, 2011b), which was similar to dehydrocostuslactone's protection of rat hippocampal slices from OGD/R-induced damage (Zhao et al, 2018a). Astragalosides IV may maintain mitochondrial function and inhibit OGD/R-induced cortical neuronal apoptosis by regulating PKA/CREB signaling pathway (Xue et al, 2019).…”

Traditional Chinese medicine in treating ischemic stroke by modulating mitochondria: A comprehensive overview of experimental studies

“…Additionally, picroside II attenuated cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting EndoG release from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm ( Li et al, 2018 ) Similarly, baicalein treatment decreased cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting nuclear translocation of AIF in cerebral I/R rats ( Li et al, 2020 ). Many in vivo ( Zhang et al, 2017 ; Zhao et al, 2018b ; Cheng et al, 2019 ; Yin et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ; Li et al, 2022b ; Peng et al, 2022 ) and in vitro ( Zhao et al, 2018a ; Feng et al, 2018 ; Liu et al, 2018 ) studies have shown that TCM compounds (e.g., curcumin, artemether, ferulic acid, artemisinin, rhein, astragaloside IV, l-borneol, calenduloside E, ginkgolide K, dehydrocostus lactone, and icariside II) exert protective effects in MCAO animal models or OGD/R cell models by inhibiting BAX/BCL2, caspase-9, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, Cyt-c, Bid, Apaf-1, Bad, and p53 ( Figure 4 ).…”