Protective Effects of Cannabidiol on Lesion-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Silveira, J.W.S.; Issy, Ana Carolina; Castania, Vitor; Salmon, Carlos Ernesto Garrido; Nogueira-Barbosa, Marcello Henrique; Guimarães, Francisco Silveira; Defino, Helton Luíz Aparecido; Del‐Bel, Elaine

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113161

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Both THC and CBD have been approved for treatment of medical conditions; THC most notably for treatment of nausea during chemotherapy and loss of appetite among AIDS patients, and CBD for treatment of epileptic syndromes (5-7). Cannabinoids, particularly CBD are also being espoused as potential treatments for immune dysfunctions (8,9), diabetes (10), addictive behavior (11) and cancer (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of ∆-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC, 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC and Cannabidiol in Human Plasma using Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two marijuana compounds of particular medical interest are delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). A gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) method was developed to test for CBD, THC, hydroxy-THC (OH-THC) and carboxy-THC (COOH-THC) in human plasma. Calibrators (THC and OH-THC, 0.1 to 100; CBD, 0.25 to 100; COOH-THC, 0.5-500 ng/mL) and controls (0.3, 5 and 80 ng/mL, except COOH-THC at 1.5, 25 and 400 ng/mL) were prepared in blank matrix. Deuterated (d 3 ) internal standards were added to 1-mL samples. Preparation involved acetonitrile precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction (hexane:ethyl acetate, 9:1), and MSTFA derivatization. An Agilent 7890 A GC was interfaced with an Agilent 7000 MS Triple Quadrupole. Selected reaction monitoring was employed. Blood samples were provided from a marijuana smoking study (two participants) and a CBD ingestion study (eight participants). Three analytes with the same transitions (THC, OH-THC and COOH-THC) were chromatographically separated. Matrix selectivity studies showed endogenous chromatographic peak area ratios (PAR) at the analyte retention times were <20% of the analyte limit of quantitation PAR. The intra-assay accuracy ranged from 83.5% to 118% of target and the intra-run imprecision ranged from 2.0% to 19.1%. The inter-assay accuracy ranged from 90.3% to 104% of target and the inter-run imprecision ranged from 6.5% to 12.0%. Stability was established for 25 hours at room temperature, 207 days at −20°C, after three freeze-thaw cycles and for 26 days for rederivatized processed samples. After smoking marijuana predictable concentrations of THC, OH-THC and COOH-THC were seen; low concentrations of CBD were detected at early time points. In moderate users who had not smoked for at least 9 hours before ingesting an 800 mg oral dose of CBD, the method was sensitive enough to follow residual concentrations of THC and OH-THC; sustained COOH-THC concentrations over 50 ng/mL validated its higher analytical range.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of ∆-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC, 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC and Cannabidiol in Human Plasma using Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The coccygeal intervertebral spaces Co7-8, Co8-9 and Co9-10 were selected for the study. Disc degeneration was induced at the coccygeal disc Co8-9 using a 21-gauge needle according to the technique previously described 6 . The coccygeal discs Co7-8 and Co9-10 remained intact.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Netherlands) using a dedicated coil for small animal, as described previously described 6 . The disc signal intensity was estimated from the T2-weighted image (Echo time =80 ms)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intervertebral discs from Co7-8 to Co9-10, from each animal, were analyzed using the software Image J A grade score ranged from 1 (severe degenerated disc) to 5 (normal disc) was assigned separately to both annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus (Table 1 -modified from Silveira et al 6 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, needles with 18-22 gauge can produce morphologically and biochemically altered features similar to many of those found in human degenerative disc disease [3][4][5] . Conversely, small size needles, equal or superior to 29-gauge, are necessary to perform intradiscal injection in experimental conditions, which represents a controversial procedure in experimental practice, but also in clinical situation [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Does a small size needle puncture cause intervertebral disc changes?

Issy

Castania²,

Silveira³

et al. 2015

Acta Cir. Bras.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE: Small size needles have been regularly used for intradiscal injection of innocuous/potential therapeutic compounds in experimental conditions, but also in clinic procedures, such as discography. Our aim was to investigate if a 30-gauge needle could trigger observable changes on intact intervertebral discs. We compared these effects to those induced by a large size needle (21-gauge), a well-known intervertebral disc degenerative model based on needle puncture. METHODS:Coccygeal intervertebral discs (Co8-9) of adult male Wistar rats were punctured with a 21-gauge needle, while the coccygeal levels Co7-8 and Co9-10 remained intact. The 30-gauge needle was used to inject a safe volume of saline (2 µl) on both intact (Co9-10) and punctured (Co8-9) discs. MRI and histological score were performed at 2, 15 and 42 days after procedure. RESULTS:MRI analyses revealed significant reduction on signal intensity of 21-gauge punctured discs. Intact discs which received a saline injection through a 30-gauge needle also revealed significant alterations in the MRI signal when compared with control discs. No histological changes were observed in the intact saline injected discs at any time analyzed.CONCLUSION: Since significant intervertebral image changes were observed with a 30-gauge needle, cautious interpretation of the pharmacological inoculation findings is required.

show abstract

Optimization of puncture injury to rat caudal disc for mimicking early degeneration of intervertebral disc

Yang

Chen

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The caudal discs of rats have been proposed as a puncture model in which intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration can be induced and novel therapies can be tested. For biological repair, treatments for ongoing IVD degeneration are ideally administered during the earlier stages. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the optimal puncture needle size for creating a model that mimicked the earlier stages of IVD degeneration. According to the disc height index, histologic score, and MRI grading, a puncture needle sized 21G or larger induced rapid degenerative processes in rat caudal discs during the initial 2-4 weeks. The degenerative changes were severe and continued deteriorating after 4 weeks. Conversely, puncture injury induced by needles sized 25G or smaller also produced degenerative changes in rat caudal discs during initial 2-4 weeks; however, the changes were less severe. Furthermore, the degenerative process became stabilized and showed no further deterioration or spontaneous recovery after 4 weeks. In the discs punctured by 25G needles, the expression of collagen I was increased at 2-4 weeks with a gradually fibrotic transformation thereafter. The expressions of collagen II and SOX9 were enhanced initially but returned to pre-injury levels at 4-8 weeks. The above-mentioned findings were more compatible with earlier degeneration in discs punctured by needles sized 25G or smaller than by needles sized 21G or larger, and the appropriate timing for intradiscal administration of proposed therapeutic agents would be 4 weeks or longer after puncture. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:202-211, 2018.

show abstract

Protective Effects of Cannabidiol on Lesion-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Cited by 37 publications

References 59 publications

Determination of ∆-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC, 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC and Cannabidiol in Human Plasma using Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Determination of ∆-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC, 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC and Cannabidiol in Human Plasma using Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Does a small size needle puncture cause intervertebral disc changes?

Optimization of puncture injury to rat caudal disc for mimicking early degeneration of intervertebral disc

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About