Protective effects of caffeic acid against hypothalamic neuropeptides alterations induced by malathion in rat

Abstract

Exposure to pesticides is suspected to cause human health problems. Our study aimed to evaluate preventive effects of caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) in the hypothalamus against malathion-induced neuropeptides gene expression alterations. Malathion at 100 mg/kg was administered intragastrically to rats alone or in combination with caffeic acid at 100 mg/kg during 4 weeks. A molecular expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and plasmatic cholinesterase activity was investigated. Furthermore, we used in silico analysis, known as computational docking, to highlight the nature of acetylcholinesterase-malathion/caffeic acid interactions. Our findings showed differences in the responses and indicate that caffeic acid reversed malathion-induced decrease in corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA but not brain-derived neurotrophic factor which presented an increased tendency. We suggest that caffeic acid can interact with acetylcholinesterase as the primary target of organophosphorus compounds. Results predict that caffeic acid can block partly the acetylcholinesterase gorge entrance via π-π stacking interaction with Tyr 124 and Trp 286 residues of the peripheral site leading to its stricture. Under this condition, we suggested that acetylcholine trafficking toward the catalytic site is ameliorated compared to malaoxon according to their sizes.

Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

“…This may be directly related to MAL-induced depressive and Parkinsonian-like behaviors (Saeedi Saravi et al 2016;Mohammadzadeh et al 2018). Moreover, MAL toxicity can cause muscle weakness and easy fatigability, which are associated with damage to the nervous system and the brain (Karami-Mohajeri et al 2014;Rezg et al 2015).…”

“…Mohammadzadeh and his colleagues found that crocin, saffron active components, exhibited protective effects against MAL-induced Parkinson-like behavior through reducing lipid peroxidation, improving motor deficits and anti-inflammatory effects (Mohammadzadeh et al 2018). Other natural products that approved efficacy include aged garlic extract (Ramadan et al 2017), grape seed extract (Abdel-Salam et al 2018), Aloe vera (Gupta et al 2019), caffeic acid (Rezg et al 2015), thymoquinone (Abdel-Daim et al 2020), and curcumin (Alp et al 2012). Recommendations for increasing the use of these antioxidants on a daily basis, especially those working in pesticides' factories or agriculture, may be warranted.…”

Hydroxycinnamic acids and human health: recent advances

“…Recent in vivo studies mainly focused on neurodegenerative disease (e.g. Alzeimer's), obesity and diabetes, skin cancer, and liver and kidney damage (Table ).…”

“…[118][119][120] Recent in vivo studies mainly focused on neurodegenerative disease (e.g. Alzeimer's), [121][122][123][124][125][126][127] obesity and diabetes, [128][129][130] skin cancer, [131][132][133] and liver 134 and kidney damage 135 (Table 4).…”

Anti-tyrosinase kinetics and antibacterial process of caffeic acid N-nonyl ester in Chinese Olive (Canarium album) postharvest

“…Recently, various functions have been identified for caffeic acid and its derivatives, including anti-tumour [7], anti-inflammatory [8], and antioxidation [9] effects and as a prophylactic for malathion-induced neuropeptides [10]. In addition, many caffeic acid analogues also had great potential as anti-fungal and anti-bacterial agents [11].…”