Protective effects of astaxanthin on capillary regression in atrophied soleus muscle of rats

Kanazashi, Miho; Okumura, Yuzo; Al-Nassan, Saad; Murakami, Shinichiro; Kondo, Hiroyo; Nagatomo, Fumiko; Fujita, Naoto; Ishihara, Akihiko; Roy, Roland R.; Fujino, Hidemi

doi:10.1111/apha.12018

Cited by 38 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Roudier et al have showed that the capillary regression in atrophied muscle occurs in association with a decreased VEGF/TSP-1 ratio 55) . We have also reported that the VEGF/TSP-1 ratio is lower in the soleus muscle of hindlimb unloading 32) . Interestingly, TSP-1 knockout mice have greater capillarity in skeletal muscle 46) .…”

Section: Angiogenic Factors In Disused and Diabetic Skeletal Musclessupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The expression level of TSP-1 has been shown to be lower in the muscles of chronically exercised mice than controls 47) . We also recently reported that the VEGF/TSP-1 ratio was lower in atrophied muscle, reflecting a balance in favor of capillary destabilization and regression 32) . These reports indicate that TSP-1 plays an important role in maintaining the capillary network in skeletal muscle.…”

Section: Factors Regulating Anti-angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 65%

“…6). We have recently shown that the levels of Ang-1 were lower and those of Ang-2 were unaffected by hindlimb unloading, the Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio was higher in atrophied skeletal muscle compared with controls 32) . In addition, JPFSM : Growth and regression of muscle capillary the VEGF level was low in atrophied muscle.…”

Section: Angiogenic Factors In Disused and Diabetic Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In turn, an increase in oxidative stress levels caused the oxidation of membrane phospholipids, proteins and DNA 34) , and promoted vascular dysfunction 35) . Also, capillary regression induced by disuse was associated with increased oxidative stress 32) . Since earlier studies have suggested that anti-oxidative nutrients can attenuate skeletal capillary regression induced by disuse (Fig.…”

Section: Disuse-induced Capillary Regression and Protective Effects Omentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A chronic decrease in the loading and activity levels, such as hindlimb unloading, results in capillary regression in skeletal muscle 6,31,32) . In fact, histological sections in skeletal muscle with disuse atrophy demonstrate a decrease in capillary/ fiber ratio and capillary diameter 5,31) .…”

Section: Disuse-induced Capillary Regression and Protective Effects Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capillary growth and regression in skeletal muscle

Fujino

Kondo

Nagatomo

et al. 2014

JPFSM

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A muscle capillary network is composed of capillaries and anastomoses, and can be modulated under varying conditions. Although exercise induces growth in the capillary network in healthy individuals, physical deconditioning and diabetes cause regression in the capillary network of skeletal muscle. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a critical factor in maintaining the capillary network in skeletal muscle. In addition, the angiopoietin system, is a second family of essential growth factors, that has been identified. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) are important angiogenic factors that bind to their common receptor Tie-2 and assist in vascular development and remodeling. Recent studies have demonstrated the contribution of anti-angiogenic factors in controlling angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) was shown to be an angiogenesis inhibitor. A balance between pro-and anti-angiogenic factors tightly modulates capillary regression or growth. A chronic decrease in loading and activity resulted in a regression in the capillary network. We have recently shown that the levels of Ang-1 were lower, while levels of Ang-2 were unaffected in atrophied skeletal muscle. Accordingly, the Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio was higher. In addition, the VEGF/TSP-1 ratio was lower. Thus, capillary regression and growth are associated with complex pro-and anti-angiogenic factors in skeletal muscle. Meanwhile, exercise prevents capillary regression associated with a balance between pro-and anti-angiogenic factors in impaired skeletal muscle. Our study provided clear evidence of reduced oxidative enzyme activity levels and capillary regression in skeletal muscle of diabetes. Therefore, exercise has high potential for preventing capillary regression in impaired muscle.

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Section: Angiogenic Factors In Disused and Diabetic Skeletal Musclessupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Factors Regulating Anti-angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Angiogenic Factors In Disused and Diabetic Skeletal Musclesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Disuse-induced Capillary Regression and Protective Effects Omentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Disuse-induced Capillary Regression and Protective Effects Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capillary growth and regression in skeletal muscle

Fujino

Kondo

Nagatomo

et al. 2014

JPFSM

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Time course of capillary regression and an expression balance between vascular endothelial growthfactor‐Aand thrombospondin‐1 in the soleus muscle of hindlimb unloaded rats

et al. 2022

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Introduction/Aims: Skeletal muscle capillaries regress with disuse; however, information on time-dependent changes in the expression of pro-and anti-angiogenic factors in disused muscle is limited. This study aimed to clarify time-dependent changes in skeletal muscle capillarization, pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and anti-angiogenic thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in the soleus muscle of hindlimb unloaded rat.Methods: Eight-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups corresponding to different hindlimb unloading (HU) duration at 0, 1, 2, and 3 wk.Results: Muscle atrophy and capillary regression worsened in the soleus muscle with longer periods of HU. The VEGF-A protein expression level was lower at week 1 than at week 0. In addition, the value at week 3 was also lower than those at weeks 0, 1, and 2. The TSP-1 protein expression level was higher at week 1 than that at week 0 but was similar at weeks 2 and 3. Moreover, reactive oxygen species, assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence intensity on cryosection, were higher at weeks 2 and 3 than that at week 0.Discussion: Depending on the HU period, VEGF-A and TSP-1 showed different expression patterns. In the early HU phase, TSP-1 may play an important role in capillary regression. However, when HU extends for a longer period, decreased VEGF-A, and/or increased oxidative stress may be more involved in capillary regression.

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Experimental Periodontitis in the Potentialization of the Effects of Immobilism in the Skeletal Striated Muscle

et al. 2017

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This study aims to evaluate if ligature-induced periodontitis can potentiates the deleterious effects of immobilization in the skeletal striated muscle, contributing to the development of muscle atrophy due to disuse. Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) Control Group (CG), (2) Periodontal Disease (PDG), (3) Immobilized (IG), and (4) Immobilized with Periodontal Disease (IPDG). Periodontal disease was induced for 30 days, with ligature method, and the immobilization was performed with cast bandage for 15 days. Prior to euthanasia, nociceptive threshold and muscular grasping force were evaluated. Afterwards, the soleus muscle was dissected and processed for sarcomere counting and morphological/morphometric analysis. For data analysis, was used the one-way ANOVA and post-test Tukey (p < 0.05). The IG and IPDG presented lower muscle weight, lower muscular grip strength, and less number of sarcomeres compared to CG. The PDG showed reduction of muscle strength and nociceptive threshold after 15 days of periodontal disease and increased connective tissue compared to CG. The IPDG presented lower muscle length and nociceptive threshold. The IG presented reduction in cross-sectional area and smaller diameter, increase in the number of nuclei and a nucleus/fiber ratio, decrease in the number of capillaries and capillary/fiber ratio, with increase in connective tissue. The IPDG had increased nucleus/fiber ratio, decreased capillaries, and increased connective tissue when compared to the IG. The IPDG presented greater muscle tissue degeneration and increased inflammatory cells compared to the other groups. Ligature-induced periodontitis potentiated the deleterious effects of immobilization of the skeletal striated muscle.

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Protective effects of astaxanthin on capillary regression in atrophied soleus muscle of rats

Abstract: These results suggest that astaxanthin may be an effective treatment to counter the detrimental effects of a chronic decrease in skeletal muscle use on the capillary network and associated angiogenic pathways.

Cited by 38 publications

References 51 publications

Capillary growth and regression in skeletal muscle

Capillary growth and regression in skeletal muscle

Time course of capillary regression and an expression balance between vascular endothelial growthfactor‐Aand thrombospondin‐1 in the soleus muscle of hindlimb unloaded rats

Experimental Periodontitis in the Potentialization of the Effects of Immobilism in the Skeletal Striated Muscle

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