Protective Effects of Antioxidants on the Experimental Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Mice

Abstract

and Pathology 3 , Van, Turkey.Aim: Liver and kidney are exposed to a lot of oxidant substances that are both from exogen and endogen sources. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of C vitamine, Melatonine (MLT) and N-acetylcystein (NAC) in carbon tetrachlorur (CCl 4 ) induced oxidative stress in mouse.Methods: The study involved 6 groups; control group (Group 1), CCl 4 group (Group 2), CCl 4 + C vitamine group (Group 3), CCl 4 + MLT group (Group 4), CCl 4 + NAC group (Group 5) and combined (CCl 4 + C vitamine + MLT + NAC) group (Group 6) with each group containing 10 mice. Starting from the 4th day of the study 0,4 ml/kg CCl 4 were given intraperitoneally (i.p.) to all groups except the control group. In Groups 3, 4, 5 and 6; 150 mg/kg/day C vitamine, 10 mg/kg/day MLT, 150 mg/ kg/day NAC and C vitamine + MLT + NAC combination, respectively, were given for 7 days. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutatyon peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities were measured in the tissues of liver and kidney of the mice. Results:The MDA and MPO levels in the tissues of liver and kidney of the toxicity group (Group 2) were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.01), but the GSH-Px and CAT activities were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.01). Compared with the toxicity group; in groups 3, 5 and 6 liver MDA and MPO levels showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) while GSH-Px and SOD activities in group 4 and GSH-Px activity in group 5 showed a significant increase (p<0.05). In kidney, MDA levels in groups 3 and 5 and MPO levels in groups 4 and 6 showed a significant decrease (p<0.05). SOD in group 3; GSH-Px and CAT in group 4; GSHPx, SOD and CAT in group 5 and SOD activities in group 6 showed a significant increase. Conclusion:The results showed that C vitamine therapy and the combined therapy were effective in preventing oxidative stress in both liver and kidney while MLT increased antioxidant enzyme activities more effectively. Furthermore, NAC was more effective in preventing oxidative stress and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities.

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels in blood and liver of diabetic rats

“…Administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to mice enhanced MDA and MPO levels in liver and kidney tissues while reducing GSH-Px and CAT activities (25). In contrast, vitamin C and/or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduced oxidative damage in the liver and kidneys, whereas melatonin and NAC treatment increased antioxidant enzyme levels.…”

Berberis vulgaris extract/β-cyclodextrin complex increases protection of hepatic cells via suppression of apoptosis and lipogenesis pathways

“…Production of excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generates oxidative stress which induces major cellular perturbations, such as alterations in the structures of protein and nucleic acids, increases in intracellular free calcium levels, perturbation of membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation and finally cell death (5). In order to minimize the effects of ROS, cells have an antioxidant defense system which includes non-enzymatic antioxidants and enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (6). CCl 4 administration destabilizes this defense system and decreases superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity (7).…”

Histological and biochemical study on the protective effect of losartan on rat renal cortex in experimentally induced liver failure

“…The activated neutrophils are a potential source for reactive oxygen metabolites. A shift in the balance between free-radical production and scavenging ability in tissues occurs and leads to oxidative injury [26]. This oxidative stress was evident in this study by an increase in the parameters of oxidative stress, such as MDA, and a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes (GSH and GPx) in animals subjected to I/R compared with those of the controls.…”

“…In addition, impaired renal perfusion pressure, stimulation of the renal sympathetic nervous system, and production of mediators cause mesangial contraction and reduced filtration fraction [22] with activation of vasoconstrictor systems, leading to intense renal vasoconstriction, especially to the renal cortex [25]. Furthermore, products of lipid peroxidation may lead to changes in biological membranes, resulting in serious cellular injury [26].…”