Protective Effects of Anthocyanins in Obesity‐Associated Inflammation and Changes in Gut Microbiome

Jayarathne, Shasika; Stull, April J.; Park, Oak Hee; Kim, Jung Han; Thompson, Leslie; Moustaid‐Moussa, Naima

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201900149

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(257 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, anthocyanins are able to improve WAT functionality, to induce browning in WAT [ 33 , 57 , 82 , 115 ] or to increase the BAT mass or its activity [ 57 , 109 , 115 ], thus regulating energy expenditure [ 59 , 73 ]. Moreover, in WAT, anthocyanins ameliorate the obesity-associated inflammation [ 57 , 59 , 116 ].…”

Section: Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

et al. 2020

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The prevention and treatment of obesity is primary based on the follow-up of a healthy lifestyle, which includes a healthy diet with an important presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. For many years, the health benefits of polyphenols have been attributed to their anti-oxidant capacity as free radical scavengers. More recently it has been described that polyphenols activate other cell-signaling pathways that are not related to ROS production but rather involved in metabolic regulation. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge in this field by focusing on the metabolic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom where they are used for growing and defensing. They are structurally characterized by two benzene rings and a heterocyclic pyrone ring and based on the oxidation and saturation status of the heterocyclic ring flavonoids are grouped in seven different subclasses. The present work is focused on describing the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic impact of flavonoids in obesity and obesity-related diseases. We described the effects of each group of flavonoids in liver, white and brown adipose tissue and central nervous system and the metabolic and signaling pathways involved on them.

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Section: Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

et al. 2020

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“…[ 11 ] According to previous studies, anthocyanins ameliorate obesity‐associated inflammation by shaping the GM and protect the gut from HFD‐induced changes in barrier integrity and dysbiosis. [ 12,13 ] In particular, an extract of anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum (ACs) can decrease the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) and promote the production of SCFAs; thus, playing a beneficial role in intestinal health. [ 14 ] Luo et al reported that AC treatment significantly increased Roseburia and Akkermansia and ameliorated atherosclerosis in rats by reshaping the destroyed GM community and modulating inflammation signaling pathways (NF‐κB).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lycium ruthenicum Anthocyanins Attenuate High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Colonic Barrier Dysfunction and Inflammation in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota

Tian

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: Gut barrier dysfunction and inflammation originating from a dysbiotic gut microbiota (GM) are strongly associated with a high-fat diet (HFD). Anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum (ACs) show antiobesity effects through modulating the GM. However, the mechanism linking the antiobesity effects of ACs and GM modulation remains obscure. Methods and results: To investigate the ameliorative effects of ACs on colonic barrier dysfunction and inflammation, mice are fed an HFD with or without ACs at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg kg −1 for 12 weeks. AC supplementation reduced weight gain, enriched short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (e.g., Ruminococcaceae, Muribaculaceae, Akkermansia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and Bacteroides) and SCFA content, depleted endotoxin-producing bacteria (e.g., Helicobacter and Desulfovibrionaceae), and decreased endotoxin (i.e., lipopolysaccharide) levels. SCFAs substantially activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs), inhibited histone deacetylases (HDAC), increased intestinal tight junction mRNA and protein expression levels, reduced intestinal permeability, and protected intestinal barrier integrity in HFD-induced mice. These effects mitigate intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the LPS/NF-B/TLR4 pathway. Conclusion: These data indicates that ACs can mitigate colonic barrier dysfunction and inflammation, induce SCFA production and inhibit endotoxin production by modulating the GM in HFD-fed mice. This finding provides a clue for understanding the antiobesity effects of ACs.

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“…Additionally, anthocyanins can also reduce the prevalence of T2D and its related complications. Several recent studies have suggested that anthocyanins could prevent diabetic neuropathy, brain IR, and AD pathology [151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164].…”

Section: Shared Links Between Diabetes and Ad Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology, Risk Factors, and Oxidative Damage Related to Type 2 Diabetes-Mediated Alzheimer’s Disease and the Rescuing Effects of the Potent Antioxidant Anthocyanin

Khan

Park

Kim

2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The pathology and neurodegeneration in type 2 diabetes- (T2D-) mediated Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been reported in several studies. Despite the lack of information regarding the basic underlying mechanisms involved in the development of T2D-mediated AD, some common features of the two conditions have been reported, such as brain atrophy, reduced cerebral glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance. T2D phenotypes such as glucose dyshomeostasis, insulin resistance, impaired insulin signaling, and systemic inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be involved in the progression of AD pathology by increasing amyloid-beta accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and overall neuroinflammation. Similarly, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) as a result of chronic hyperglycemia may serve as critical links between diabetes and AD. The natural dietary polyflavonoid anthocyanin enhances insulin sensitivity, attenuates insulin resistance at the level of the target tissues, inhibits free fatty acid oxidation, and abrogates the release of peripheral inflammatory cytokines in obese (prediabetic) individuals, which are responsible for insulin resistance, systemic hyperglycemia, systemic inflammation, brain metabolism dyshomeostasis, amyloid-beta accumulation, and neuroinflammatory responses. In this review, we have shown that obesity may induce T2D-mediated AD and assessed the recent therapeutic advances, especially the use of anthocyanin, against T2D-mediated AD pathology. Taken together, the findings of current studies may help elucidate a new approach for the prevention and treatment of T2D-mediated AD by using the polyflavonoid anthocyanin.

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Protective Effects of Anthocyanins in Obesity‐Associated Inflammation and Changes in Gut Microbiome

Cited by 58 publications

References 143 publications

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

Lycium ruthenicum Anthocyanins Attenuate High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Colonic Barrier Dysfunction and Inflammation in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota

Pathology, Risk Factors, and Oxidative Damage Related to Type 2 Diabetes-Mediated Alzheimer’s Disease and the Rescuing Effects of the Potent Antioxidant Anthocyanin

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