Protective effect of Syzygium cumini against pesticide-induced cardiotoxicity

Abstract

Pesticide-induced toxicity is a serious issue which has resulted in plethora of diseases all over the world. The organophosphate pesticide malathion has caused many incidents of poisoning such as cardiac manifestations. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of Syzygium cumini on malathion-induced cardiotoxicity. Dose optimization of malathion and polyphenols such as curcumin, (−)-epicatechin, gallic acid, butylated hydroxyl toluene, etc. was done by MTT cell proliferation assay. Nuclear deformities, ROS production, and integrity of extra cellular matrix components were analyzed by different techniques. S. cumini methanolic pulp extract (MPE), a naturally derived gallic acid-enriched antioxidant was taken to study its effect on malathion-induced toxicity. Nuclear deformities, ROS production, and integrity of extra cellular matrix components were also analyzed. Twenty micrograms per milliliter LD50 dose of malathion was found to cause stress-mediated responses in H9C2 cell line. Among all the polyphenols, gallic acid showed the most significant protection against stress. Gallic acid-enriched methanolic S. cumini pulp extract (MPE) showed 59.76 % ± 0.05, 81.61 % ± 1.37, 73.33 % ± 1.33, 77.19 % ± 2.38 and 64.19 % ± 1.43 maximum inhibition for DPPH, ABTS, NO, H2O2 and superoxide ion, respectively, as compared to ethanolic pulp extract and aqueous pulp extract. Our study suggests that S. cumini MPE has the ability to protect against the malathion-mediated oxidative stress in cardiac myocytes.

Effects of Polyphenols on Oxidative Stress-Mediated Injury in Cardiomyocytes

“…MPE treatment (20 µg/mL) restored the integrity of extra cellular matrix components and reduced the malathion-induced oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes [106]. …”

Pure Polyphenols Applications for Cardiac Health and Disease

“…This suggests a protective role against AGEs-induced cardiovascular complications. In a cardiotoxicity scenario induced by an organophosphate pesticide, gallic acid reveals protective properties in the cardiac stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by reversing cellular distortion, suppressing ROS levels and increasing collagen content [171].…”

Selection of antioxidants against ovarian oxidative stress in mouse model

“…For example, proanthocyanidins are a class of polyphenolic bioflavonoids and inhibit H 2 O 2 ‐induced cell apoptosis in MC3T3‐E1 cells . Gallic acid can significantly protect against the stress induced by pesticide in H9C2 cell line …”

“…[17] Gallic acid can significantly protect against the stress induced by pesticide in H9C2 cell line. [18] To investigate the molecular mechanism between antioxidants and cell apoptosis induced by ROS in vivo, various animal experimental models have already been established by utilizing antioxidants to inhibit cell apoptosis. However, antioxidants against ovarian OS are unclear in vivo.…”