Protective effect of Premna tomentosa extract (L. verbanacae) on acetaminophen-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in rats

Abstract

Allurement of herbs as health beneficial foods (physiologically functional foods) and as a source material for the development of new drugs, has led to greater furtherance in the study of herbal medicines during recent years. Plant extracts are being utilized to treat a wide variety of diseases like hepatotoxicity. Premna tomentosa is one such medicinal plant used widely in Indian ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of liver disorders. This study appraised the effectiveness of P. tomentosa leaf extract in protecting the liver against mitochondrial damage induced by acetaminophen, since mitochondrial injury has been investigated as a potential initiator of hepatotoxicity. Normal Wistar strain rats were pre-treated with P. tomentosa extract (750 mg/kg, orally) for 15 days and then intoxicated with acetaminophen (640 mg/kg, orally). Mitochondria were isolated from liver of experimental animals and assessed for the levels of lipid peroxide products, GSH and mitochondrial enzymes (isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-keto glutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome-C-oxidase). The levels of Lipid peroxidation products were increased and the levels of the other assessed parameters were significantly decreased in hepatotoxicity induced animals. Whereas, the levels were brought back to normal in P. tomentosa pre-treated rats, which shows the protective effect of the extract against mitochondrial damage. Presence of anti-oxidant compound D-limonene (58%) in P. tomentosa leaves, which is known to enhance conjugation of toxic metabolites by maintaining liver GSH concentrations may explain the hepatoprotective property of the extract.

Curcumin prevents paracetamol-induced liver mitochondrial alterations

“…The mitochondrial alterations associated to PCM‐induced liver toxicity include decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption, ATP synthesis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and activity of mitochondrial complexes I (NADH dehydrogenase), II (succinate dehydrogenase) and IV (cytochrome c oxidase) . PCM inhibits complex II .…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Terpene- and Polyphenol-Rich Premna odorata Leaves on Alcohol-Inflamed Female Wistar Albino Rat Liver

“…According to literature, hepatic treatment investigations were conducted on other Premna species, including the study of hepatoprotection of alcoholic Premna esculenta, Premna corymbosa, Premna serratifolia, and Premna tomentosa leave extracts after liver induction with CCl 4 . These studies showed significant hepatoprotection by decreasing the activity of serum enzymes, bilirubin, and lipid peroxidation [40][41][42][43]. Moreover, the hepatoprotective role of the ethanol Premna integrifolia leave extract on the aflatoxin B 1 -induced toxicity was studied in mice; the study showed the protective effect of Premna integrifolia through the restoration of altered hematological indices and liver marker enzymes [44].…”

Hypo-Cholesterolemic and Hypoglycemic Effects of Orange Albedo Powder (Citrus Aurantium L.) on Male Albino Rats

“…Several studies showed that, some of the components of certain species of citrus fruit as Bergamot orange (BO), limonene and alpha-pinene, were shown to have hepatoprotective effects (44,45,46). Therefore it is likely that BO has hepatoprotective effect.…”