Protective Effect of Picroliv Against Hydrazine-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Steatosis in Rats

Abstract

The protective effect of picroliv (PIC) obtained from Picrorhiza kurroa (family: Scrophulariaceae) against hydrazine (Hz)-induced hyperlipidemia was evaluated in rats. Hz administration (50 mg/kg, i.p.) caused an increase in triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), free fatty acids (FFA), and total lipids (TL) in both the plasma and liver tissue of rats accompanied by a fall in phospholipids (PL) in the liver tissue 24 h after its administration, indicating its hyperlipidemic property. The above abnormality was prevented by simultaneous treatment of PIC (50 mg/kg, p.o.) with Hz. Hz treatment also caused an increase in the mobility of TG and TL from adipose tissue, and these results indicate that Hz administration could cause hepatic steatosis by nonhepatocellular factors (such as mobilization of depot fats). This effect was also prevented by simultaneous treatment of PIC with Hz. PIC-alone treatment, however, did not produce any change in the status of all the lipid parameters evaluated in plasma, liver, and adipose tissues. These results indicate that increased mobilization of depot fats from adipose tissue may contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis in addition to decreased lipoprotein secretion, increased hepatic TG biosynthesis, and increased hepatic uptake of FFA. These have been reported as the mechanism responsible for the development of Hz-induced hepatic steatosis. PIC prevents Hz-induced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and mobilization of lipids from depot fats, but the mechanism behind the protective effect of PIC remains to be elucidated.

Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora improves accelerated atherosclerosis through inhibition of redox-sensitive inflammation

“…Further support for the antiinflammatory effects of EPS comes from a study showing that organic extracts of P. scrophulariiflora inhibit nonspecific and specific immune responses in vitro and improve the carrageenan-induced paw edema in vivo [18]. Consistent with previous study [36], we found that administration of EPS reduced the TC levels in hyperlipidemic rabbits without alteration of TG profile. Although the underlying mechanism remains to be determined, the reduction of TC might contribute to the improvement of atherosclerosis.…”

The effect of ageing on isoniazid pharmacokinetics and hepatotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats

“…Instead, this may play a role in the manifestation of steatosis in vivo. Administration of toxic doses of hydrazine to rats causes lipid dysregulation affecting lipid uptake , triglyceride synthesis , lipoprotein synthesis and mobilization of peripheral fat storages resulting in steatosis . This may explain the increased incidence of microvesicular steatosis observed in our old rats following two days of isoniazid treatment.…”

“…In addition, this study confirms that although the currently clinically used serum hepatotoxicity markers, such as ALT and AST, are able to detect necrotic liver damage they do not detect steatotic damage. This is consistent with the study by Vivekanandan in which neither marker was capable of detecting microvesicular steatotic damage. This finding raises issues with the use of standard hepatotoxicity markers to identify all forms of isoniazid liver injuries and indicates the imperative need to develop more specific novel hepatotoxicity markers to detect both necrotic and steatotic injury to assist in better management of isoniazid‐induced hepatotoxicity.…”

Elucidation of the Structures of Metabolites of Picroside II in Rat Bile by LC–ESI–IT–MS

“…It has been reported to have hepatoprotective, anticholestatic, antioxidant, and immune-modulating effects, among others [2][3][4][5]. Picroside II (b-D-glucopyranoside-1a,1b,2,5a,6,6a-hexahydro-6-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoyl)oxy]-1a-(hydroxymethyl)oxireno [4,5]cyclopenta [1,2-c]pyran-2-yl; Fig.…”