Protective Effect of Nutmeg and Rosemary on Oxidative Stress in Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Abstract

The present work was conducted to study the effect of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) spices or their essential oils on the nutritional parameters of rats suffering from hypercholesterolemic. Fifty-four male rats weighting approximately 300 grams were divided into nine groups, each group containing six rats. Group H1 fed on basal diet as a control negative group. Group H2 fed on diets containing 15% of beef tallow instead of the fresh sunflower oil proportion and allowed added 1 % of H2O2 in the drinking water to increase the oxidative stress and the other groups H4, H5, H6 , H7, H8 and H9 fed on the same diet used in group H2 and supplemented with different treatments nutmeg , rosemary and mixture powders groups H4, H5, H6 (2g / 100 g diet) , respectively. Meanwhile, groups H7, H8 and H9 fed on the same diet used in group H2 and supplemented with different treatments nutmeg , rosemary and mixture essential oils (0.6gm / 100 gm fat) , respectively. Group H3 fed on the same diet used in group H2 and supplemented with (drug) Lipitor Atorvastatin(20 mg/Kg BW rat/day by stomach tube). After 8 weeks the rats feeding with treatments and hypercholesterolemic diet rats significantly decreased levels of glucose. The treatment also resulted in a significant improvement in lipid profile, oxysterol levels, liver function, and kidney function. However, a significantly increment in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reduced (GSH) were observed in blood of hypercholesterolemic rats treated with nutmeg, rosemary powders or their essential oils. The treated groups showed a significant decrement in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (MDA) in serum. Since the study of induction of the redox enzymes is considered to be a reliable marker for evaluating the antiperoxidative efficacy of the spices. Treatment with nutmeg, rosemary powders or their essential oils reduces the histopathological, heart, liver and kidney abnormalities associated with hypercholesterolemic.

Spices Mixture Containing Garlic, Ginger and Nutmeg Has Protective Effects on the Kidneys and Liver of Cadmium Exposed Rats

“…On the other hand, apart from its protective effect on oxidative stress in hypercholesterolaemic rats reported by Hassanen,15 nutmeg has been associated with hepatotoxic activity and intoxication. 16,17 Considering that spices are usually used as mixtures and based on the fact that garlic, ginger and nutmeg have protective effects against oxidative stress, apoptosis, ischemia and inflammation which are implicated in cadmium-induced toxicity, this study aims to investigate the potential protective effect of spice mixture containing garlic, ginger and nutmeg on the liver and kidney of cadmium exposed rats.…”

Hazardous Effects of HighVoltage on Albino Rats and Role of Rosmarinus Officinalis

“…This is an substantial reason for increasing the amount of transaminases in trialal groups. Hipoxy produc_tion could raise the AST and ALT value in serum, up to thousands of units in liter (Kulkarni and Gandhare 2015).Rosemary essential oils exhibited on re nment in the actions of ALT and AST enzymes in hypercholesterolemic rats (Hassanen 2015) or after lead exposure (Abd El Kader et al 2012).These may be attributed to the stabilizing ability of the cell membrane preventing enzymes leakages (Pari and Karthikesan, 2007). These result in the same line with abundant authors who found that the serum bilirubin scale in trial rats was higher than both control group exposure to EMR (Sharma et al In a group remedy with R.o cinalis, the serum protein scale was assumed to dwindle by around 20 % simultaneously with HV treatment for 2 or 4 h. In conjunction with exposure to HV for 2 or 4 h, R.o cinalis also decreased albumin by around 17 % compared with HV for groups of 2 or 4 hours.…”

“…It may lead to increased protein deterioration in the liver by enhancing cell membrane LPO. Increasing ROS generation can lead to calcium homeostasis disorders, increased membrane uidity, and cell death(Hassanen 2015). Table(5) shows no presumed divergences between R.o cinalisextract remedy groups compared to standard control in CAT and MDA vigor after 30days.Meanwhile, HV sensitivity increased by approximately 36.8 % (p > 0.05) and 42.4 % (p > 0.05) respectively, while CAT vigor increased by approximately 20.2 % and 30.4 % relative to the control group ( p > 0.05).…”

“…Rosemary spices and their essential oil allow the lipid pro le, oxysterol scale, liver function, kidney function and glucose to be assumed processed. The remedy groups indicate a presumed decrease in the serum of interactive thiobarbituric acid (MDA) substances Hassanen (2015).…”

“…The electromagnetic eld may be harmful by accelerating the loss of hepatocyte plasma membrane integrity(Đinđić et al 2010). Rosemary has increased renal CAT reduction and decreased MDA scale elevation, which can be due to the antioxidant properties that inhibit LPO(Hassanen 2015). The Usage of food, which contains high antioxidants, became immensely popular since plentiful diseases have been associated with oxidative stress(Hamzaa et al 2012).…”