Protective Effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum ME-3 against the Increase in Paracellular Permeability Induced by Chemotherapy or Inflammatory Conditions in Caco-2 Cell Models

Gregorio, Alex De; Serafino, Annalucia; Krasnowska, Ewa K.; Superti, Fabiana; Fazio, Maria Rosa Di; Fuggetta, Maria Pia; Ferri, Ivano Hammarberg; Fiorentini, Carla

doi:10.3390/ijms24076225

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…In this study, by using rat small intestinal epithelial IEC-6 cells, we showed for the first time that HK L-137 decreases permeability by activating the ERK pathway and increases www.nature.com/scientificreports/ expression of TJ genes and proteins. Because effective treatments for increased intestinal permeability have not been established, these results provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of leaky gut 14 . An intact intestinal barrier is known to be important in the prevention of disease and maintenance of health 49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beneficial effect of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L-137 on intestinal barrier function of rat small intestinal epithelial cells

Watanabe,

Nakai,

Ohara

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L-137 (HK L-137) has been suggested to enhance the intestinal barrier in obese mice, leading to improvement of metabolic abnormalities and adipose tissue inflammation, and in healthy humans with overweight, leading to improvement of systemic inflammation. However, its detailed mechanism of action has not been clarified. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of HK L-137 on the permeability of rat small intestinal epithelial IEC-6 cells, tight junction-related gene and protein expression and localization, and intracellular signaling pathways involved in barrier function. Treatment of IEC-6 cells with HK L-137 for 26 h significantly reduced the permeability to fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD-4). HK L-137 also increased gene and protein expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), an important tight junction protein, without affecting the localization. Furthermore, inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathway in IEC-6 cells canceled the HK L-137-related reduction in permeability to FD-4. Phosphorylation of ERK in IEC-6 cells was induced 15 min after the addition of HK L-137. These results suggest that HK L-137 reduces intestinal permeability partly through activating the ERK pathway and increasing expression of the ZO-1 gene and protein. Enhancement of intestinal barrier function with HK L-137 might be effective in preventing and treating leaky gut, for which no specific therapeutic tool has been established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, many people are constantly exposed to factors that induce leaky gut in their daily lives. However, currently no established treatment is available for the condition, so early treatment and prevention methods are urgently needed 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effect of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L-137 on intestinal barrier function of rat small intestinal epithelial cells

Watanabe,

Nakai,

Ohara

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…The GIT of ruminants is challenged with different stressors, including potentially harmful bacteria, mycotoxins, reactive oxygen species ( ROS ), endotoxins, and pro-inflammatory cytokines that may lead to the occurrence of the hyperpermeable intestine syndrome ( Copani et al., 2021 ; Boll et al., 2024 ; de Gregorio et al., 2023 ). This syndrome, also known as leaky gut, alters the GIT microbiota ( O’Hara, et al., 2020 ), triggering an inflammatory response that leads to production losses in beef and dairy cattle ( Cooke, 2017 ; Kvidera et al., 2017a , b ; Briggs et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus paralicheniformis 809 and Bacillus subtilis 810 support in vitro intestinal integrity under hydrogen peroxide and deoxynivalenol challenges

Boll,

Copani,

Cappellozza

2024

Translational Animal Science

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We designed and conducted two in vitro experiments to evaluate the effects of two Bacillus spp. probiotics on gut barrier integrity using the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay under two different challenge models. In Exp. 1, intestinal epithelial cells received or not (CON) B. paralicheniformis 809 (BLI) or B. subtilis 810 (BSU) at a rate of 1 × 108 colony forming units (CFU)/transwell. Two hours after treatment application (CON, BLI, or BSU), 5 mM of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, mimicking mucosal oxidative stress, was added alone (HYP) or with each of the Bacillus spp. (HYP+BLI or HYP+BSU). In Exp. 2, cells were assigned to the same treatments as in Exp. 1 (CON, BLI, BSU), or mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), which was added alone or in combination with BLI or BSU, resulting in another two treatments (DON+BLI and DON+BSU). Transepithelial electrical resistance was measured for 14 hours post-challenge. In Exp. 1, a treatment × hour interaction was observed for TEER (P < 0.0001). Adding BLI and BSU resulted in greater TEER values vs. CON for most of the experimental period (P < 0.02), whereas HYP reduced mean TEER and area under the curve (AUC), while increasing the amount of sugar that translocated through the monolayer cells (P < 0.001). A treatment × hour interaction was also observed in Exp. 2 (P < 0.0001), as DON led to an immediate and acute drop in TEER that lasted until the end of the experimental period (P < 0.0001). Both BLI and BSU alleviated the DON-induced damaging effects on the integrity of intestinal epithelial cells, whereas both Bacillus spp. alleviated the damage caused by DON alone and the proportion of sugar that translocated through the monolayer cells was not different between CON and DON+BLI (P = 0.14) and DON+BLI and DON+BSU (P = 0.62). In summary, both Bacillus spp. strains (B. paralicheniformis 809 and B. subtilis 810) were able to counteract the damaging effects of the challenge agents, hydrogen peroxide and deoxynivalenol, on gut barrier integrity.

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Short communication: a novel multispecies bacteria-based direct-fed microbial supports in vitro gut barrier integrity challenged with a pathogen or pro-inflammatory cytokines*

Boll,

Copani,

Cappellozza

2024

Journal of Animal Science

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We conducted two experiments to evaluate the effects of a novel bacterial-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) on intestinal barrier integrity using the in vitro transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay. In experiment 1, human-derived Caco-2 cells received or not (CON) a DFM containing Ligilactobacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) animalis 506, Propionibacterium freudenreichii 507, Bacillus paralicheniformis 809, and B. subtilis 597 (BDP; BOVAMINE DEFEND® Plus) at a rate of 1 × 108 CFU/transwell. Concurrently with treatment application (CON or BDP), a pathogenic challenge of Clostridium perfringens type A was added alone (PAT) or with BDP (PAT+BDP) at a rate of 2.8 × 107 CFU/transwell in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. In experiment 2, Caco-2 cells were also assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial design to CON or BDP and then, two hours post-treatment administration (CON and BDP), a mixture of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) was added alone (CYT) or with BDP (CYT+BDP) at a 10:1 ratio, respectively. In both experiments, TEER was measured for 18 hours. In experiment 1, a DFM × pathogen × hour interaction was observed for TEER (P < 0.0001). Adding the PAT alone initially tended to increase TEER vs. CON from 1.1 to 2.2 h (P ≤ 0.09), increased TEER at 3.2 h (P < 0.01), but reduced TEER from 5.4 to the end of the experimental period at 18.4 h (P ≤ 0.01). On the other hand, adding DFM, with or without the pathogenic challenge, yielded greater TEER vs. CON-CON and CON-PAT for most of the experimental period (P ≤ 0.04). A similar interaction was detected and reported in experiment 2 (P < 0.0001). The CYT challenge reduced mean TEER compared with all other treatments from 3.2 h to the remainder of the study (P ≤ 0.03). On the other hand, BDP-CYT was able to maintain the integrity of the epithelial cells when compared with CON-CON throughout the experimental period (P ≤ 0.03), the exception being at 3.2 h (P = 0.20). Moreover, BDP-CON increased (P ≤ 0.04) TEER when compared with CON-CON from 3.2 to 18.4 h, but also in comparison with BDP-CYT from 4.3 to 18.4 h post-DFM and challenge administration into the cells. In summary, C. perfringens type A and a pro-inflammatory cytokine cocktail compromised the integrity of intestinal epithelial cell monolayers in vitro, whereas adding a multispecies bacteria-based DFM counteracted these damaging effects.

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Protective Effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum ME-3 against the Increase in Paracellular Permeability Induced by Chemotherapy or Inflammatory Conditions in Caco-2 Cell Models

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Beneficial effect of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L-137 on intestinal barrier function of rat small intestinal epithelial cells

Beneficial effect of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L-137 on intestinal barrier function of rat small intestinal epithelial cells

Bacillus paralicheniformis 809 and Bacillus subtilis 810 support in vitro intestinal integrity under hydrogen peroxide and deoxynivalenol challenges

Short communication: a novel multispecies bacteria-based direct-fed microbial supports in vitro gut barrier integrity challenged with a pathogen or pro-inflammatory cytokines*

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