Protective effect of L‐carnitine on renal ischaemia–reperfusion injury in the rat

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the effect of L-carnitine in ischaemia and reperfusion of the rat kidney. Rats were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (control group; n = 6) received no treatment. Group II (isotonic saline group; n = 6), received 2 ml of isotonic saline 15 min before the renal ischaemia, and group III (carnitine group; n = 6) received L-carnitine hydrochloride (100 mg kg(-1)) intraperitoneally. At the end of the reperfusion period, rats were sacrificed. Tissue malondialdehyde level (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and nitrite/nitrate (NO) level of renal tissue were measured to evaluate the lipid peroxidation, neutrophil function, and nitric oxide metabolism, respectively. The tissue levels of MDA, MPO and NO were lower in group III (71.8 +/- 8.4, 172.1 +/- 27.4 U g(-1) tissue, 76.3 +/- 29.7 micromol l(-1) respectively) than levels in groups I (103.4 +/- 13.4 nmol g(-1), 325.9 +/- 20.2 U g(-1) tissue, 144.5 +/- 39.2 micromol l(-1), respectively) and II (103.5 +/- 11.4 nmol g(-1), 317.1 +/- 41.5 U g(-1) tissue, 148.9 +/- 23.9 micromol l(-1), respectively). It is shown that carnitine protects kidney tissue against ischaemia-reperfusion injury.

L-Carnitine Ameliorates Glycerol-Induced Myoglobinuric Acute Renal Failure in Rats

“…[14] It has been shown that L-carnitine was effective in preventing renal injury in many renal injury models involving oxidative stress. [15][16][17][18] In view of the above findings, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of exogenous L-carnitine on glycerol-induced myoglobinuric acute renal failure.…”

Effects of L-Carnitine on Long-Term Post Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rat

“…11,12 The importance of the free radicals in kidney disease was shown in several experimental models. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Previous studies suggested that renal IR injury increased lipid peroxidation and decreased GSH levels and activities of antioxidant enzymes in both erythrocytes and the kidney. The current study findings are also in accordance with the results of previous studies.…”

“…The current study findings are also in accordance with the results of previous studies. [9][10][11][12] Treatment with L-carnitine decreases renal MDA levels and increases GSH levels as well as erythrocyte and kidney antioxidant enzyme activities in renal IR injury. The protective effects of L-carnitine in renal IR injury have been shown in previous studies.…”

“…8 Apart from its main role in energy metabolism, L-carnitine is an antioxidant that prevents the accumulation of end-products of lipid peroxidation. [9][10][11][12][13] It also exhibits powerful protective effects against different kidney injury models including IR injury, myoglobinuric acute kidney injury, and chronic renal failure. [9][10][11][12][13][14] It has been reported that L-carnitine deficiency destabilizes the erythrocyte membrane and leads to altered function of the erythrocyte sodium potassium pump with reduced erythrocyte survival time.…”

Protective effects of α-lipoic acid and L-carnitine in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury.

“…Uzun zincirli yağ asidlerinin mitokondriyal membrandan açil karnitin esterleri olarak geçişi-ne yardımcı olarak bir mekik görevi görmektedir [11]. L-karnitin, serbest yağ asitlerinin β-oksidasyon için mitokondriye taşınmasını sağlayarak, lipid peroksidasyonunu ve ROS'un oluşumunu önler [12]. L-karnitinin oksidatif strese bağlı oluşan protein oksidasyonunu ön-lemede de kısmen başarılı olduğu gösterilmiştir [13,14].…”