Protective Effect of JXT Ethanol Extract on Radiation‐Induced Hematopoietic Alteration and Oxidative Stress in the Liver

Abstract

This study aims at investigating the radioprotective effect of ethanol extract from Ji-Xue-Teng (JXT, Spatholobus suberectus) on radiation-induced hematopoietic alteration and oxidative stress in the liver. Mice were exposed to a single acute γ-radiation for the whole body at the dose of 6.0 Gy, then subjected to administration of amifostine (45 mg/kg) or JXT (40 g crude drug/kg) once a day for 28 consecutive days, respectively. Bone marrow cells and hemogram including white cells, red cells, platelet counts, and hemoglobin level were examined. The protein expression levels of pJAK2/JAK2, pSTAT5a/STAT5a, pSTAT5b/STAT5b, and Bcl-2 in bone marrow tissue; levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS); and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum and liver tissue were determined. At the end of the experiment, the effect of JXT on cell viability and G-CSF and G-CSFR levels in NFS-60 cells were tested by CCK-8 assay, ELISA, and flow cytometry. The results showed that the mice exposed to γ-radiation alone exhibited a typical hematopoietic syndrome. In contrast, at the end of the 28-day experiment, irradiated mice subjected to oral administration of JXT showed an obvious improvement on blood profile with reduced leucopenia, thrombocytopenia (platelet counts), RBC, and hemoglobin levels, as well as bone marrow cells. The expression of pJAK2/JAK2, pSTAT5a/STAT5a, and Bcl-2 in bone marrow tissue was increased after JXT treatment. The elevation of ROS was due to radiation-induced toxicity, but JXT significantly reduced the ROS level in serum and liver tissue, elevated endogenous SOD and GSH-PX levels, and reduced the MDA level in the liver. JXT could also increase cell viability and G-CSFR level in NFS-60 cells, which was similar to exogenous G-CSF. Our findings suggested that oral administration of JXT effectively facilitated the recovery of hematopoietic bone marrow damage and oxidative stress of the mice induced by γ-radiation.

Polysaccharide From Laminaria Japonica Attenuates Radiation-Induced Xerostomia In Mice Via Activation of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway

“…As an important antioxidant enzyme, MnSOD is primarily responsible for detoxifying ROS generated by mitochondrial oxidative stress [43]. Generally, the natural oxidative defense system in the body can prevent oxidative stress injury, but the antioxidant system is markedly depleted due to over production of ROS and MDA following ionizing irradiation [44], which is consistent with our nding. Izumi et al reported that Suplatast tosilate can suppress ROS-mediated oxidative stress to alleviate radiation-induced lung damage in mice [45].…”

The Antitriple Negative Breast cancer Efficacy of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn on ROS‐Induced Noncanonical Inflammasome Pyroptotic Pathway

“…Studies have further suggested that SSD directly suppresses various molecular signaling pathways, upregulates apoptotic signaling, inhibiting LDH and arresting the cell cycle, and is thereby proved as a potential anticancer compound [19,21,50]. In addition, SSD protects against various effects of oxidative stress, cerebral ischemia, radiation, and diabetic complications [51][52][53]. However, the anticancer efficacy of SSP and its protective mechanism against the most fetal and invasive subtype of BCa, TNBC have not been completely revealed.…”

The Great Healing Potential Hidden in Plant Preparations of Antioxidant Properties: A Return to Nature?

“…The advantage of plant origin substances over drugs was also shown by Dong et al [ 70 ]. Ethanol extract of JXT (a traditional herb obtained from the Spatholobus suberectus Dunn dry rattan) given orally to mice caused a significant improvement of the biochemical parameters previously disturbed by 60 Co γ -radiation, i.e., morphology, bone marrow cell number, and liver lipid peroxidation level as well as activity of antioxidant enzymes.…”

“…Plant extracts also showed some efficacy against radiation-induced damage. The research revealed the involvement of JAK-STAT pathway into the mechanism of the protective influence on the hematopoietic system [ 70 ]. Animal studies also showed the reversing effect of plant material on the disturbances of antioxidant defence caused by γ -radiation in blood and organs [ 145 , 146 ].…”

“…The relationships between this pathway and ROS have been reported [ 69 ]. In the current study, disturbances of oxidative balance as well as bone marrow damage and reduction in pJAK2/JAK2 and pSTAT5a/STAT5a, caused by radiation exposure, have been found to be improved by a plant preparation, which made the authors suggest that the studied material can stimulate the JAK2/STAT5a signal pathway [ 70 ].…”