Protective Effect of Hesperetin and Naringenin against Apoptosis in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Retinal Injury in Rats

Kara, Selçuk; Gencer, Baran; Karaca, Turan; Tufan, Hasan Ali; Arıkan, Sedat; Erşan, İsmail; Karaboğa, İhsan; Hancı, Volkan

doi:10.1155/2014/797824

Cited by 53 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Naringenin (4,5,7-trihydroxy-flavanone) and hesperetin (3,5,7-trihydroxy-4 -methoxyflavanone) ( Figure 5) are the representative flavanones that are found in glycoside form in nature; that form favors their intestinal absorption. They are present in citrus fruits, tomatoes and cherries [211], but unfortunately have limited solubility in water. Kanaze et al reports that oral administration of naringenin results in a low bioavailability (5.81%) in human subjects [212].…”

Section: Flavanonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Compounds Exerting Lipid-Regulatory, Anti-Inflammatory and Epigenetic Effects as Complementary Treatments in Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2020

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Atherosclerosis is the main process behind cardiovascular diseases (CVD), maladies which continue to be responsible for up to 70% of death worldwide. Despite the ongoing development of new and potent drugs, their incomplete efficacy, partial intolerance and numerous side effects make the search for new alternatives worthwhile. The focus of the scientific world turned to the potential of natural active compounds to prevent and treat CVD. Essential for effective prevention or treatment based on phytochemicals is to know their mechanisms of action according to their bioavailability and dosage. The present review is focused on the latest data about phenolic compounds and aims to collect and correlate the reliable existing knowledge concerning their molecular mechanisms of action to counteract important risk factors that contribute to the initiation and development of atherosclerosis: dyslipidemia, and oxidative and inflammatory-stress. The selection of phenolic compounds was made to prove their multiple benefic effects and endorse them as CVD remedies, complementary to allopathic drugs. The review also highlights some aspects that still need clear scientific explanations and draws up some new molecular approaches to validate phenolic compounds for CVD complementary therapy in the near future.In the last decade the scientific researchers turned their attention to phytochemicals, as effective, safe and low-cost natural bioactive compounds for CVD treatment.Dyslipidemia consists of increased blood concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C) and/or triglycerides (TG), and decreased high density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) [6]. The lipid metabolism is complex and the candidate mechanisms that could generate dyslipidemia include: (i) excessive dietary lipid absorption in the small intestine; (ii) packing of exogenous lipids with cholesterol and fatty acids produced de novo in the liver and their secretion as very low density lipoproteins (VLDL); (iii) hydrolysis of TG from VLDL by lipases and their conversion into LDL, which are taken up by the peripheral tissues through LDL receptor (LDL-R) and scavenger receptors; (iv) diminished production of HDL by the liver and small intestine, thereby decreasing reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from the peripheral tissues to the liver; (v) lowered excess cholesterol excretion from the liver into gallbladder or to the intestinal lumen through the ATP-binding cassette G5 and G8 transporters (ABCG5/G8) that facilitate trans-intestinal cholesterol efflux (TICE). Dyslipidemia is associated with the accumulation of LDL in the sub-endothelium of the artery wall. At this site, LDL undergoes oxidative modifications (oxLDL) that trigger inflammatory responses, and is taken up by the monocyte-derived macrophages infiltrated in the sub-endothelium which thus become lipid-loaded foam cells, the hallmark of atheroma development [7]. Until now, the most effective lipid-lowering treatment for hyperlipidemic patients was the statin therapy. But recen...

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Section: Flavanonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Compounds Exerting Lipid-Regulatory, Anti-Inflammatory and Epigenetic Effects as Complementary Treatments in Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2020

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“…Specifically, naringenin has been shown to be neuroprotective in a retinal model of ischaemia‐reperfusion injury. In this study, naringenin was shown to reduce the amount of caspase‐3 positive cells and thus attenuated apoptotic cell death . In another study investigating the effects of naringenin as well as other 5‐hydroxy‐substituted derivatives on a model of myocardial ischaemia‐reperfusion, the data showed naringenin reduced ischaemic injury and restored contractile function, while other derivatives were ineffective .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

A co‐drug conjugate of naringenin and lipoic acid mediates neuroprotection in a rat model of oxidative stress

Saleh

Connell

et al. 2017

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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Using our in vitro and in vivo models of oxidative stress, the current study was designed to determine the neuroprotective potential of naringenin, alone or in combination with lipoic acid. In our mixed neuronal culture exposed to hypoxia and subsequent reoxygenation, naringenin was shown to provide significant neuroprotection against cell death at a concentration of 2.5 μmol/L. Lipoic acid (LA) did not produce neuroprotection at any concentration tested (0.25-100 μmol/L). In contrast, when naringenin was covalently combined with LA, producing a novel compound named "VANL-100", significant neuroprotection was observed at a concentration as low as 2×10 μmol/L (100-fold more potent). An ELISA for antioxidant capacity demonstrated that naringenin and VANL-100 likely resulted in neuroprotection by increasing the free radical scavenging capacity of the neuronal cells. Pretreatment of rats with the above compounds prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion, showed similar results. Naringenin significantly reduced infarct volume at a dose of 10 mg/kg while VANL-100 produced significant neuroprotection at a dose as low as 1×10 mg/kg (10 000-fold more potent). This VANL-100-induced neuroprotection persisted even when administered 1 and 3 hours into the reperfusion time course. Taken together, these results suggest that our novel compound, VANL-100 is neuroprotective, likely via a mechanism that involves increasing the antioxidant capacity of neuronal cells. Our results also show that VANL-100 is 100-10 000-fold more potent than the parent compounds, which adds to the growing evidence in support of combination therapy targeting oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…Neuroprotective effect of naringenin was studied against carbaryl toxicity in mouse neuroblastoma cell line; where it found to be effective neuroprotective by maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential (54) Chronic treatment of diabetic rats with naringenin prevented abnormal changes in vascular reactivity in diabetic rats through nitric oxide (55) . Therapeutic potential of naringenin was studied in retinopathy where it is proven to be effective for the protection of ocular ischemic diseases (56). Naringenin (Fig.14) can prevent the accumulation of plasma lipids and lipoproteins very effectively.…”

Section: Naringeninmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Bioactive Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Uses of Commiphora mukul.

Kalshetti¹,

Thakurdesai²,

Alluri³

2014

JCPR

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Commiphora mukul possesses a vast ethno medical history and represents a photochemical reservoir of heuristic medical value. It is one of the key ingredient in various treatment procedures. C. mukul contains a wide variety of chemical constituents such as monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, steroids, sesquiterpenoids and volatil oil. Aim of the review is based on comprehensive review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological and toxicological data on genus Commiphora, the future research and development to be planned. The need to review this plant is in order to provide scientific proof for its application in traditional medicinal system. The active constituent of the guggulipid is guggulsterone. The extract of C. mukul is used to treat variety of disorders in human beings as dyslipidaemia, obesity, inflammation.

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Protective Effect of Hesperetin and Naringenin against Apoptosis in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Retinal Injury in Rats

Cited by 53 publications

References 38 publications

Phenolic Compounds Exerting Lipid-Regulatory, Anti-Inflammatory and Epigenetic Effects as Complementary Treatments in Cardiovascular Diseases

Phenolic Compounds Exerting Lipid-Regulatory, Anti-Inflammatory and Epigenetic Effects as Complementary Treatments in Cardiovascular Diseases

A co‐drug conjugate of naringenin and lipoic acid mediates neuroprotection in a rat model of oxidative stress

A Review on Bioactive Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Uses of Commiphora mukul.

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