Protective Effect of Grape Seed Extract and/or Silymarin Against Thioacetamide-induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats

Abstract

The aim of the present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potentials of GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin against TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of grape seed extract (GSE) and/or silymarin against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic fibrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Mature male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 7 equal groups (8 rats each) and treated as follows: Group 1, kept as control group and orally given saline; groups 2-7 were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with TAA (100 mg/Kg) twice weekly for 6 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis. Group 2, kept as control positive; groups 3-5 were administered daily oral doses of silymarin (50 mg/kg), GSE (100 mg/kg) and GSE (200 mg/kg), respectively. While groups 6-7 were administered combined treatments of silymarin and GSE (100 mg/kg) or GSE (200 mg/kg), respectively. Our results indicated that TAA caused significant elevation of hydroxyproline (Hyp), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) contents in liver homogenate and increased serum levels of: aminotransferases (AST and ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. While, TAA-treatment alone significantly decreased serum total protein and reduced glutathione (GSH) content in liver homogenate. Administration of GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin attenuated TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis, improved enzymes and reduced the oxidative stress in dose dependant manner Histopathological study showed disruption of the hepatic architecture and collagen fibers deposition in the portal tract of TAA-injected group. Concomitant treatment with GSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and/or silymarin significantly improved histopathological structure of liver tissue in variable degrees. In conclusion, the combined effect of GSE (200 mg/kg) with silymarin (50 mg/kg) had powerful hepatoprotective effect than any other studied doses.

The Ameliorative Potential of Probiotics and/or Silymarin on Thioacetamide Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study

“…J. Morphol., 36(2):661-669, 2018. infiltration, and Macrophagocytus stellatus (Kupffer cells) proliferation were noticeable and identical to findings of Nada et al (2015) and Wang et al (2016a). Both inflammatory and Kupffer cells play a critical role in the regulation of liver inflammation (Wynn & Barron, 2010).…”

Exploring the protective effect of silymarin against flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats

“…Histochemical observations showed that pretreatment with SIL in rats injected with cisplatin caused restoration of reduced hepatic tissue content of proteins and DNA to normal level (Abouzeinab, 2013). In recent study, treatment with SIL (50 mg/kg) significantly elevated the lowered serum total protein level in thioacetamide-treated rats (Nada et al, 2015). Collectively, SIL showed high therapeutic efficacy not only because it acts either as a scavenger of the free radicals or a stimulator for the antioxidant system, but also because it enhanced the protein synthesis that facilitate antioxidative enzymes manufacture and tissue regeneration.…”

In vivo anticancer effects of Momordica charantia seed fat on hepatocellular carcinoma in a rat model

“…In another study, Silymarin, a polyphenolic flavonoid extracted from milk thistle, has been found to protect TAA-induced necrosis, apoptosis or mitosis in rat hepatocytes [ 34 ]. Administration of combination of grape seed extract which includes polyphenolic compounds and Silymarin effectively attenuate TAA induced hepatic fibrosis revealing its synergistic effect [ 35 ]. Moreover, phenolic compound-rich coriander leaf extract was shown to have reduced liver injury (few hepatic nodules and thinner fibrous septa) in TAA fed rat liver [ 36 ].…”