Abstract:This study evaluated the chemical properties (polyphenol and genistein contents) of soybean extracts obtained by biotransformation and dried by spray dryer at different conditions and their in vivo ability to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate- (TPA-) induced biochemical alterations in the skin of hairless mice. By comparing the obtained data with that of the well-known active soybean extract Isoflavin beta, we evaluated the influence of the fermentation and drying process in the extracts efficacy. T… Show more
“…Recent data indicated that isoflavones, via binding to ERα, promote cell proliferation, but via binding to ERβ, promote apoptosis [4]. Furthermore, they can act as antioxidants by scavenging free radicals and/or chelating metal ions [5,6]. Isoflavones exhibit anti-inflammatory [7], anti-allergic as well as anti-cancer properties [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Isoflavones exhibit anti-inflammatory [7], anti-allergic as well as anti-cancer properties [8]. Daidzein and genistein are the two main and most well characterized isoflavones present in soybean, able to inhibit transcription factors NF-κβ, Aκt and AP-1 signalling pathway [6,[8][9][10].…”
Introduction: Genistein and daidzein are typical soy isoflavones with known estrogenic properties to provide protection against skin ageing in postmenopausal women and female rats. However their effect on male skin was very rarely studied. Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of a mixture of genistein and daidzein on male rats' skin. Material and methods: Male rats were administered this mixture in a dose of 2 or 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for 5 days weekly mixed with regular rat chow, from prenatal life until sexual maturity. The female and male rats of the control group received regular rat chow. The skin epidermis thickness, number of fibroblasts in the dermis and diameter of collagen fibers in the dermis were measured using morphometric assay. The isoflavone effects on activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxides, and glutathione concentration in the skin were measured with commercially available kits. Results: The thickness of the skin epidermis and collagen fibers in the dermis and amount of elastic fibers were significantly greater in the isoflavone-treated groups. Isoflavones significantly decreased catalase activity in the skin homogenates and at a higher dose inhibited lipid peroxides formation. Conclusions: Our results provide further support for the contribution of isoflavones to defence mechanisms against oxidative stress in the skin and suggest that genistein and daidzein supplementation may provide protection against skin ageing in males.
“…Recent data indicated that isoflavones, via binding to ERα, promote cell proliferation, but via binding to ERβ, promote apoptosis [4]. Furthermore, they can act as antioxidants by scavenging free radicals and/or chelating metal ions [5,6]. Isoflavones exhibit anti-inflammatory [7], anti-allergic as well as anti-cancer properties [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Isoflavones exhibit anti-inflammatory [7], anti-allergic as well as anti-cancer properties [8]. Daidzein and genistein are the two main and most well characterized isoflavones present in soybean, able to inhibit transcription factors NF-κβ, Aκt and AP-1 signalling pathway [6,[8][9][10].…”
Introduction: Genistein and daidzein are typical soy isoflavones with known estrogenic properties to provide protection against skin ageing in postmenopausal women and female rats. However their effect on male skin was very rarely studied. Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of a mixture of genistein and daidzein on male rats' skin. Material and methods: Male rats were administered this mixture in a dose of 2 or 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for 5 days weekly mixed with regular rat chow, from prenatal life until sexual maturity. The female and male rats of the control group received regular rat chow. The skin epidermis thickness, number of fibroblasts in the dermis and diameter of collagen fibers in the dermis were measured using morphometric assay. The isoflavone effects on activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxides, and glutathione concentration in the skin were measured with commercially available kits. Results: The thickness of the skin epidermis and collagen fibers in the dermis and amount of elastic fibers were significantly greater in the isoflavone-treated groups. Isoflavones significantly decreased catalase activity in the skin homogenates and at a higher dose inhibited lipid peroxides formation. Conclusions: Our results provide further support for the contribution of isoflavones to defence mechanisms against oxidative stress in the skin and suggest that genistein and daidzein supplementation may provide protection against skin ageing in males.
“…Several studies have demonstrated that fermentation enhances polyphenol bioactivity [86–88], suggesting that fermentation results in the conversion of polyphenols with large molecular weights to compounds of low molecular weight, which have more biological activity. Under aerobic conditions where fermentation is influenced by oxygen, oxidized structures are generated, giving rise to lower-molecular-weight compounds that are converted into mono-aromatic acids and CO 2 [89]. …”
Tube-fed elderly patients are generally supplied with the same type of nutrition over long periods, resulting in an increased risk for micronutrient deficiencies. Dietary polyphenols promote immunity and have anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-oxidative properties. Carica papaya Linn. is rich in several polyphenols; however, these polyphenols are poorly absorbed from the digestive tract in their original polymerized form. Therefore, we determined the molecular components of a fermented Carica papaya Linn. preparation, as well as its effects on immunity and the composition of gut microbiota in tube-fed patients. Different doses of the fermented C. papaya L. preparation were administered to three groups of tube-fed patients for 30 days. Its effects on fecal microbiota composition and immunity were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and immune-marker analysis, respectively. The chemical composition of the fermented C. papaya L. preparation was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis- and liquid chromatography- time of flight mass spectrometry. The fermented C. papaya L. preparation restored peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cytolytic activity; however, no other biomarkers of immunity were observed. Treatment with the preparation (9 g/day) significantly reduced the abundance of Firmicutes in the fecal microbiota. In particular, treatment reduced Clostridium scindens and Eggerthella lenta in most patients receiving 9 g/day. Chemical analysis identified low-molecular-weight phenolic acids as polyphenol metabolites; however, no polymerized, large-molecular-weight molecules were detected. Our study indicates that elderly patients who are tube-fed over the long-term have decreased PBMC cytolytic activity. In addition, low-molecular-weight polyphenol metabolites fermented from polymerized polyphenols restore PBMC cytolytic activity and modulate the composition of gut microbiota in tube-fed patients.
“…[328][329][330][331][332][333] Even though genistein has skin protecting activity and enhances beauty, its sustained effect is still limited due to lower stability in cosmeceutical products. In order to enhance stability and prolong activity, nanosized delivery technologies have greater impact in cosmeceutical sectors.…”
Phytocompounds have been used in cosmeceuticals for decades and have shown potential for beauty applications, including sunscreen, moisturizing and antiaging, and skin-based therapy. The major concerns in the usage of phyto-based cosmeceuticals are lower penetration and high compound instability of various cosmetic products for sustained and enhanced compound delivery to the beauty-based skin therapy. To overcome these disadvantages, nanosized delivery technologies are currently in use for sustained and enhanced delivery of phyto-derived bioactive compounds in cosmeceutical sectors and products. Nanosizing of phytocompounds enhances the aseptic feel in various cosmeceutical products with sustained delivery and enhanced skin protecting activities. Solid lipid nanoparticles, transfersomes, ethosomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes are some of the emerging nanotechnologies currently in use for their enhanced delivery of phytocompounds in skin care.
Aloe vera
, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, vitamins C and E, genistein, and green tea catechins were successfully nanosized using various delivery technologies and incorporated in various gels, lotions, and creams for skin, lip, and hair care for their sustained effects. However, certain delivery agents such as carbon nanotubes need to be studied for their roles in toxicity. This review broadly focuses on the usage of phytocompounds in various cosmeceutical products, nanodelivery technologies used in the delivery of phytocompounds to various cosmeceuticals, and various nanosized phytocompounds used in the development of novel nanocosmeceuticals to enhance skin-based therapy.
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