Protective Effect of Eckol against Acute Hepatic Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Mice

Li, Shulan; Liu, Juan; Zhang, Mengya; Chen, Yuan; Zhu, Tailin; Wang, Jun

doi:10.3390/md16090300

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As eckol has been evaluated for its role in the existing signaling pathways against diabetes, it would be interesting to see the effect of eckol on the newly discovered pathways other than the evaluated ones. Furthermore, eckol had contraindications for not being useful in hepatoprotection at the cellular level [92], while it showed hepatoprotective activity in an in vivo model [48]. The possible reason for this discrepancy could be different toxicity-inducing agents employed in those studies, where eckol was ineffective against tacrine-induced toxicity in human liver cell line but exhibited a protective effect against CCl 4 -induced toxicity in mice model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing Eckol as a Therapeutic Aid: A Systematic Review

et al. 2019

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The marine biosphere is a treasure trove of natural bioactive secondary metabolites and the richest source of structurally diverse and unique compounds, such as phlorotannins and halo-compounds, with high therapeutic potential. Eckol is a precursor compound representing the dibenzo-1,4-dioxin class of phlorotannins abundant in the Ecklonia species, which are marine brown algae having a ubiquitous distribution. In search of compounds having biological activity from macro algae during the past three decades, this particular compound has attracted massive attention for its multiple therapeutic properties and health benefits. Although several varieties of marine algae, seaweed, and phlorotannins have already been well scrutinized, eckol deserves a place of its own because of the therapeutic properties it possesses. The relevant information about this particular compound has not yet been collected in one place; therefore, this review focuses on its biological applications, including its potential health benefits and possible applications to restrain diseases leading to good health. The facts compiled in this review could contribute to novel insights into the functions of eckol and potentially enable its use in different uninvestigated fields.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eckol also increased the level of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine with the recruitment of CD11c + dendritic cells into the liver tissue of CCl 4 -treated mice. Thus, inhibiton of apoptosis, oxidation, and inflammation including immune regulation are the multiple mechanisms related to protective effects of eckol [48].…”

Section: Biological Activities Of Eckolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Eckol as a Therapeutic Aid: A Systematic Review

et al. 2019

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“…Hepatoprotection by reduction of ALT (41.6%) and AST (26%) on CCl 4 -induced liver injury; decrease in expression of caspase-3 (77%), TNF-α (23%), IL-1β (%), IL-6 (26%), and lipid peroxidation (21%); increase in expression of Bcl-2 (33.3%) and IL-10 (33%). Increase in GSH (31%) and SOD (19.5%) [52].…”

Section: Phlorotanninsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…On the other hand, 4 at a very low dosage (0.5 mg/kg b.w.) has an hepatoprotective effect on mice by modulating anti-apoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms and suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, like tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6, and by upregulating the expression of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory interleukin [52].…”

Section: Eckolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweed Secondary Metabolites with Beneficial Health Effects: An Overview of Successes in In Vivo Studies and Clinical Trials

et al. 2019

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Macroalgae are increasingly viewed as a source of secondary metabolites with great potential for the development of new drugs. In this development, in vitro studies are only the first step in a long process, while in vivo studies and clinical trials are the most revealing stages of the true potential and limitations that a given metabolite may have as a new drug. This literature review aims to give a critical overview of the secondary metabolites that reveal the most interesting results in these two steps. Phlorotannins show great pharmaceutical potential in in vivo models and, among the several examples, the anti-dyslipidemia activity of dieckol must be highlighted because it was more effective than lovastatin in an in vivo model. The IRLIIVLMPILMA tridecapeptide that exhibits an in vivo level of activity similar to the hypotensive clinical drug captopril should still be stressed, as well as griffithsin which showed such stunning results over a variety of animal models and which will probably move onto clinical trials soon. Regarding clinical trials, studies with pure algal metabolites are scarce, limited to those carried out with kahalalide F and fucoxanthin. The majority of clinical trials currently aim to ascertain the effect of algae consumption, as extracts or fractions, on obesity and diabetes.Studies focusing on the preparation of macroalgae extracts and their chemical characterization revealed a large range of seaweed compounds with very interesting biological activities including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antivirus, antihypertensive, fat-lowering, and neuroprotective activities [12][13][14][15].The large volume of studies proving the seaweed compound activities in in vitro systems [16][17][18][19] hints the need for further advancements in the knowledge about macroalgae compound efficiency in living systems (in vivo) and their use in the development of pharmaceuticals. In vitro studies are very relevant and yield very important information, but they only represent the first step of a long process, and the results obtained rarely reveal anything about the effects of a compound in vivo, because the responses observed in vitro can be magnified, diminished, or totally different in a more complex and integrated system. In fact, in vivo studies and clinical trials are those which contribute most to truly understanding the real potential of compounds as future pharmaceuticals.In this regard, the present work intends to present insight into the results obtained in the last few years regarding secondary metabolites, such as phlorotannins, halogenated compounds, fucoxanthin, and fucosterol isolated from macroalgae, involved in in vivo studies and clinical trials, identifying the research opportunities and knowledge gaps, to valorize these compounds and their natural resources. The intention is not to present an exhaustive survey of all published works, but rather a selection of authors based on the following criteria: in-depth studies involving pure compounds most characteristic f...

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“…Eckol is a precursor compound belonging to the dibenzo-1,4-dioxin class of phlorotannins and is a component of marine brown and red algae. This compound is a trimer of phloroglucinol and has been reported to possess antioxidant [5][6][7][8][9][10], anti-inflammatory [11,12], anticancer [13,14], antihepatic [10] activities, as well as inhibitory effects on acetylcholine esterase [15] and protective effects against skin damage [16]. However, the antiallergic effects of eckol in immunoglobulin E (IgE)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stimulated bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMC) and a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) animal model have not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eckol from Ecklonia cava Suppresses Immunoglobulin E-mediated Mast Cell Activation and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Mice

et al. 2020

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Eckol, a precursor compound belonging to the dibenzo-1,4-dioxin class of phlorotannins, is a phloroglucinol derivative that exerts various activities. In the present study, we investigated the antiallergic effects of eckol isolated from the marine brown algae, Ecklonia cava using immunoglobulin E (IgE)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stimulated mouse bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMC) and a mouse model of anaphylaxis. Eckol inhibited IgE/BSA-induced BMCMC degranulation by reducing β-hexosaminidase release. A flow cytometric analysis revealed that eckol decreases FcεRI expression on cell surface and IgE binding to the FcεRI in BMCMC. Moreover, eckol suppressed the production of the cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-13 and the chemokine, thymus activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) by downregulating, IκB-α degradation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. Furthermore, it attenuated the passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction induced by IgE/BSA-stimulation in the ear of BALB/c mice. These results suggest that eckol is a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of allergic disorders.

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Protective Effect of Eckol against Acute Hepatic Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Mice

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Characterizing Eckol as a Therapeutic Aid: A Systematic Review

Characterizing Eckol as a Therapeutic Aid: A Systematic Review

Seaweed Secondary Metabolites with Beneficial Health Effects: An Overview of Successes in In Vivo Studies and Clinical Trials

Eckol from Ecklonia cava Suppresses Immunoglobulin E-mediated Mast Cell Activation and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Mice

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