Protective Effect of Dietary Polysaccharides from Yellow Passion Fruit Peel on DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex inflammatory disorder characterized by chronic and spontaneously relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD includes two idiopathic disorders: Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In particular, UC causes inflammation and ulceration of the colon and rectum. There is no cure for UC. The pharmacological treatment is aimed at controlling and/or reducing the inflammatory process and promoting disease remission. The present study investigated the possible protective effects of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) isolated from yellow passion fruit peel in the dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis model in mice, induced by 5% of DSS. The animals were treated with SDF (10, 30, or 100 mg/kg (po)), and the disease activity index was monitored. Colon tissues were collected, measured, and prepared for oxidative stress, inflammation, and histology analysis. SDF improved body weight loss, colon length, and disease activity index and prevented colonic oxidative stress by regulating GSH levels and SOD activity. Furthermore, SDF reduced colonic MPO activity, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels and increased IL-10 and IL-6 levels. As observed by histological analysis, SDF treatment preserved the colonic tissue, the mucus barrier, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Although this is a preliminary study, taken together, our data indicate that SDF may improve the course of DSS-UC. More studies are needed to explore and understand how SDF promotes this protection.

Holothuria leucospilota polysaccharides (HLP) ameliorate colitis rats via regulation of the metabolic profiling and TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathways

“…Medium and high doses of HLP increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and made the oxidative stress state of colitis rats tend to be normal. Polysaccharides from Yellow Passion Fruit Peel prevented oxidative stress in the colon by regulating the level of GSH‐Px and SOD (Bueno et al., 2022).…”

“…At the same time, the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome caused the excessive secretion of IL‐1β and IL‐18, which aggravated intestinal inflammation (Zhou et al., 2023). In addition, the occurrence of UC is closely related to the level of oxidative stress; DSS‐induced oxidative stress was enhanced in the colon tissues of mice, as indicated by increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and MPO activities (Bueno et al., 2022).…”

“…Medium and high doses of HLP increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and made the oxidative stress state of colitis rats tend to be normal. Polysaccharides from Yellow Passion Fruit Peel prevented oxidative stress in the colon by regulating the level of GSH-Px and SOD(Bueno et al, 2022).Inflammatory factors regulate immune responses by controlling intracellular signaling(Charbit-Henrion et al, 2021). The imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory factors is one of the important factors causing UC(JenaTrivedi & Sandala, 2012).…”

Evidence for the Beneficial Effects of Brazilian Native Fruits and Their By-Products on Human Intestinal Microbiota and Repercussions on Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases—A Review

“…The administration of soluble dietary fiber from yellow passion fruit (100 mg/kg) to Swiss mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis reduced body weight loss, ameliorated colon length reduction, restored glutathione (GSH) and SOD activity, reduced IL-1β and TNF-α levels, and increased IL-10 levels. In the same study, soluble dietary fiber from passion fruit reduced histopathological damage and improved intestinal colon mucus layer impaired by colitis [ 125 ]. Soluble fibers could enhance the production of metabolites from intestinal microbiota and reduce the transcription of proinflammatory mediators, thereby reducing inflammatory diseases [ 4 , 125 ].…”

“…In the same study, soluble dietary fiber from passion fruit reduced histopathological damage and improved intestinal colon mucus layer impaired by colitis [ 125 ]. Soluble fibers could enhance the production of metabolites from intestinal microbiota and reduce the transcription of proinflammatory mediators, thereby reducing inflammatory diseases [ 4 , 125 ]. The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis is not understood; however, the intestinal epithelium damage associated with the dissemination of proinflammatory luminal mediators by microbial antigens has been described as an essential factor in ulcerative colitis progression, showing a potential role of the intestinal microbiota in its development.…”